2. Biology Dictionary
  3. Glyoxylate cycle

Glyoxylate cycle乙醛酸循环

释义：

The glyoxylate cycle is a metabolic pathway. Instead of the two decarboxylation steps of the TCA cycle the key enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle, namely isocitrate lyase and malate synthase, convert isocitrate and acetyl-CoA into succinate and malate. Isocitrate lyase splits the C6-unit into succinate and glyoxylate, which in turn is condensed by malate synthase with acetyl-CoA generating free CoA-SH and malate. The latter is used by malate dehydrogenase to continue the cycle and succinate is released as net product. The intermediate glyoxylate provides the name for this metabolic pathway. The glyoxylate cycle allows cells to convert two acetylCoA units generated by various catabolic processes into C4-units (succinate) which can be used to replenish the TCA cycle or to function as precursors for amino acid biosynthesis or carbohydrate biosynthesis.

乙醛酸循环是一种代谢途径。乙醛酸循环的关键酶代替 TCA 循环的两个脱羧步骤，即异柠檬酸裂合酶和苹果酸合酶，将异柠檬酸和乙酰辅酶 A 转化为琥珀酸和苹果酸。 异柠檬酸裂合酶将 C6 单元分解为琥珀酸和乙醛酸，后者又被苹果酸合酶与乙酰辅酶 A 缩合，生成游离 CoA-SH 和苹果酸。 后者被苹果酸脱氢酶用于继续循环，琥珀酸作为净产物释放。 中间体乙醛酸盐为这种代谢途径提供了名称。乙醛酸循环允许细胞将由各种分解代谢过程产生的两个乙酰辅酶 A 单元转化为 C4 单元（琥珀酸），后者可用于补充 TCA 循环或用作氨基酸生物合成或碳水化合物生物合成的前体。

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