2. Academic Validation
  3. Dragendorff's reagent: Historical perspectives and current status of a versatile reagent introduced over 150 years ago at the University of Dorpat, Tartu, Estonia

Dragendorff's reagent: Historical perspectives and current status of a versatile reagent introduced over 150 years ago at the University of Dorpat, Tartu, Estonia

  • Pharmazie. 2020 Jul 1;75(7):299-306. doi: 10.1691/ph.2020.0438.
A Raal 1,  A Meos 2,  T Hinrikus 2,  J Heinämäki 2,  E Romāne 3,  V Gudienė 4,  V Jak Tas 5,  O Koshovyi 6,  A Kovaleva 6,  C Fursenco 7,  T Chiru 7,  H T Nguyen 8
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia;, Email: ain.raal@ut.ee.
  • 2 Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Estonia.
  • 3 Department of Dosage Form Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Riga Stradins University, Latvia.
  • 4 Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
  • 5 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
  • 6 Department of Pharmacognosy, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
  • 7 Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova.
  • 8 Faculty of Pharmacy, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Vietnam.
PMID: 32635970 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2020.0438
Abstract

The well-known Dragendorff's reagent (DR) was introduced by an Estonian-German Professor Johann Georg Noel Dragendorff (1836-1898) in the middle of the 19th century (1866). Dragendorff, who was a full-time professor in pharmacy at the university of Dorpat (Tartu) used his reagent originally for the rapid screening of herbal products to find traces of Alkaloids. DR is a solution of potassium bismuth iodide composing of basic bismuth nitrate (Bi(NO₃)₃), tartaric acid, and potassium iodide (KI), and when contact with Alkaloids DR produces an orange or orange red precipitate. In this review article, we make a short historical overview on the biography and scientific research work of Professor Dragendorff at the University of Dorpat. The chemistry, method of preparation, mechanism of action, and practical uses of DR in various disciplines in various European countries including the Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania), Finland, Ukraine, Moldova, and in Asia (Vietnam), are also discussed. Over several decades, DR and its modifications have found uses in many new applications and disciplines, and a number of commercial DRs are also currently available on the market. Today, DR is used for example in the production of surfactants, where non-ionic surfactant is precipitated in water solution with modified DR (KBiI₄+BaCl₂+glacial acetic acid). Total six different potassium iodobismuthate (DR) solutions are also presented in the European Pharmacopoeia. In conclusion, DR (after more than 150 years of its invention in Estonia) has still an important role in pharmaceutical and related sciences all over the world.

Figures
Products
嗨！很高兴为您提供帮助！

尊敬的 MCE 客户您好，
请您选择所在区域，我们将转接对应客服为您服务！

热门区域

A

B

C

F

G

H

J

L

N

Q

S

T

X

Y

Z

热 A B C F G H J L N Q S T X Y Z