2. Academic Validation
  3. Acute Limonene Toxicity in Escherichia coli Is Caused by Limonene Hydroperoxide and Alleviated by a Point Mutation in Alkyl Hydroperoxidase AhpC

Acute Limonene Toxicity in Escherichia coli Is Caused by Limonene Hydroperoxide and Alleviated by a Point Mutation in Alkyl Hydroperoxidase AhpC

  • Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 Jul;81(14):4690-6. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01102-15.
Victor Chubukov 1,  Florence Mingardon 2,  Wendy Schackwitz 3,  Edward E K Baidoo 1,  Jorge Alonso-Gutierrez 1,  Qijun Hu 4,  Taek Soon Lee 1,  Jay D Keasling 5,  Aindrila Mukhopadhyay 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.
  • 2 Total New Energies USA, Inc., Emeryville, California, USA.
  • 3 Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA.
  • 4 Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
  • 5 Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
  • 6 Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA amukhopadhyay@lbl.gov.
PMID: 25934627 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01102-15
Abstract

Limonene, a major component of citrus peel oil, has a number of applications related to microbiology. The antimicrobial properties of limonene make it a popular disinfectant and food preservative, while its potential as a biofuel component has made it the target of renewable production efforts through microbial metabolic engineering. For both applications, an understanding of microbial sensitivity or tolerance to limonene is crucial, but the mechanism of limonene toxicity remains enigmatic. In this study, we characterized a limonene-tolerant strain of Escherichia coli and found a mutation in ahpC, encoding alkyl hydroperoxidase, which alleviated limonene toxicity. We show that the acute toxicity previously attributed to limonene is largely due to the common oxidation product limonene hydroperoxide, which forms spontaneously in aerobic environments. The mutant AhpC protein with an L-to-Q change at position 177 (AhpC(L177Q)) was able to alleviate this toxicity by reducing the hydroperoxide to a more benign compound. We show that the degree of limonene toxicity is a function of its oxidation level and that nonoxidized limonene has relatively little toxicity to wild-type E. coli cells. Our results have implications for both the renewable production of limonene and the applications of limonene as an antimicrobial.

Figures
Products
嗨！很高兴为您提供帮助！

尊敬的 MCE 客户您好，
请您选择所在区域，我们将转接对应客服为您服务！

热门区域

A

B

C

F

G

H

J

L

N

Q

S

T

X

Y

Z

热 A B C F G H J L N Q S T X Y Z