2. Academic Validation
  3. CCL5 deficiency promotes liver repair by improving inflammation resolution and liver regeneration through M2 macrophage polarization

CCL5 deficiency promotes liver repair by improving inflammation resolution and liver regeneration through M2 macrophage polarization

  • Cell Mol Immunol. 2020 Jul;17(7):753-764. doi: 10.1038/s41423-019-0279-0.
Meng Li  # 1,  Xuehua Sun  # 2,  Jie Zhao  # 1,  Lei Xia 1,  Jichang Li 1,  Min Xu 1,  Bingrui Wang 1,  Han Guo 1,  Chang Yu 1,  Yueqiu Gao 2,  Hailong Wu 3,  Xiaoni Kong 4 5,  Qiang Xia 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
  • 2 Institute of Clinical Immunology, Department of Liver Diseases, Central Laboratory, Shugang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, China.
  • 3 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, China. wuhailong2@163.com.
  • 4 Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. xiaoni-kong@126.com.
  • 5 Institute of Clinical Immunology, Department of Liver Diseases, Central Laboratory, Shugang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, China. xiaoni-kong@126.com.
  • 6 Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. xiaqiang@shsmu.edu.cn.
  • # Contributed equally.
PMID: 31481754 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0279-0
Abstract

Despite the diverse etiologies of drug-induced liver injury (DILI), innate immunity activation is a common feature involved in DILI progression. However, the involvement of innate immunity regulation in inflammation resolution and liver regeneration in DILI remains obscure. Herein, we identified the chemokine CCL5 as a central mediator of innate immunity regulation in the pathogenesis of DILI. First, we showed that serum and hepatic CCL5 levels are elevated in both DILI patients and an APAP-induced liver injury (AILI) mouse model. Interestingly, both nonparenchymal cells and stressed hepatocytes are cell sources of CCL5 induction in response to liver injury. Functional experiments showed that CCL5 deficiency has no effect on the early phase of AILI but promotes liver repair in the late phase mainly by promoting inflammation resolution and liver regeneration, which are associated with an increased number of hepatic M2 macrophages. Mechanistically, CCL5 can directly activate M1 polarization and impede M2 polarization through the CCR1- and CCR5-mediated activation of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. We then showed that CCL5 inhibition mediated by either a CCL5-neutralizing antibody or the antagonist Met-CCL5 can greatly alleviate liver injury and improve survival in an AILI mouse model. Our data demonstrate CCL5 induction during DILI, identify CCL5 as a novel innate immunity regulator in macrophage polarization, and suggest that CCL5 blockage is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of DILI.

Keywords

APAP; CCL5; acute liver injury; macrophage polarization.

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