Zeaxanthin dipalmitate  (Synonyms: Physalien)

Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (Physalien) is a wolfberry-derived carotenoid, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate directly interact with p2X7 receptor (K_d=81.2 nM) and adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1; K_d=533 nM) in a positive dose-dependent manner. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate restores mitochondrial autophagy functions suppressed by ethanol intoxication. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate can be used in the research of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP)^[1][2].

p2X7/AdipoR1 receptor^[1]

Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (1 µM; 2 h) totally or partially reverses the down-regulation of Atg5, beclin-1, and LC3A/B by ethanol (250 mM), and the up-regulation of p62 by ethanol in BRL-3A cells^[1].
Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (1 µM; 2 h) partially recovers the ethanol-suppressed LC3B in BRL-3A cells^[1].
Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (1 µM; 2 h) partially recovers the ethanol-suppressed cell viability and ethanol-induced aspase-3/7 activity of BRL-3A cells^[1].
Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (1 µM; 2 h) recovers the ethanol-induced inhibition of mitophagy in BRL-3A cells^[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (10 mg/kg; p.o.; daily for 2 weeks) reduces the serum ALT and AST levels increased by long-term ethanol challenge in at AFLD Model^[1].
Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (10 mg/kg; p.o.; daily for 2 weeks) effectively attenuates the histological injury^[1].
Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (10 mg/kg; p.o.; daily for 2 weeks) attenuates the AFLD-induced hepatic apoptosis (reveal by caspase-3/7 activity) and inflammation (TNF-α) in rat^[1].
Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (approximately 4 μM; intravitreal injection for once) improves the visual behavior of rd10 mice and delays the degeneration of retinal photoreceptors^[2].
Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (approximately 4 μM; intravitreal injection for once) improves the light responses of photoreceptors, bipolar cells and retinal ganglion cells^[2].
Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (approximately 4 μM; intravitreal injection for once) reduces the expression of genes that are involved in inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress in rd10 mice^[2].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

1045.69

C₇₂H₁₁₆O₄

144-67-2

固体

Brown to reddish brown

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Gao H, et al. Wolfberry-Derived Zeaxanthin Dipalmitate Attenuates Ethanol-Induced Hepatic Damage. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2019 Jun;63(11):e1801339.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Liu F, et al. Wolfberry-derived zeaxanthin dipalmitate delays retinal degeneration in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa through modulating STAT3, CCL2 and MAPK pathways. J Neurochem. 2021 Sep;158(5):1131-1150.  [Content Brief]