GNRH2 - gonadotropin releasing hormone 2 Gene

中文名称：促性腺激素释放激素 2

种属: Homo sapiens

同用名: GnRH-II; LH-RHII

关于 GNRH2

功能概要

该基因是促性腺激素释放激素 (GnRH) 基因家族的成员。由该基因家族成员编码的蛋白质被蛋白水解切割形成神经肽，神经肽通过刺激促性腺激素促卵泡激素 (FSH) 和黄体生成素 (LH) 的产生和释放来部分调节生殖功能。预测人类 GNRH2 基因编码一种前原蛋白，从中切割出 10 个氨基酸的成熟神经肽。然而，虽然人类基因组保留了功能性 GNRH2 十肽的序列，但人类 GNRH2 基因的翻译尚未得到证实，黑猩猩、大猩猩和苏门答腊猩猩的 GNRH2 基因在十肽序列的密码子 8 处过早终止，这表明 GNRH2 是原始人类谱系中的假基因。 GNRH2 基因也被认为是许多其他哺乳动物物种 (例如小鼠和牛) 中的假基因。该基因的受体 (GNRHR2) 被预测为人类以及许多其他哺乳动物物种中的假基因。密切相关的 GNRH1 和 GNRHR1 基因在人类和其他哺乳动物中具有功能，并且通常在脊椎动物中具有功能。[RefSeq 提供，2019 年 3 月]

This gene is a member of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) gene family. Proteins encoded by members of this gene family are proteolytically cleaved to form neuropeptides which, in part, regulate reproductive functions by stimulating the production and release of the gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The human GNRH2 gene is predicted to encode a preproprotein from which a mature neuropeptide of 10 Amino acids is cleaved. However, while the human genome retains the sequence for a functional GNRH2 decapeptide, translation of the human GNRH2 gene has not yet been demonstrated and the GNRH2 gene of chimpanzees, gorilla, and Sumatran orangutan have a premature stop at codon eight of the decapeptide sequence which suggests GNRH2 was a pseudogene in the hominid lineage. The GNRH2 gene is also believed to be a pseudogene in many other mammalian species such as mouse and cow. The receptor for this gene (GNRHR2) is predicted to be a pseudogene in human as well as many other mammalian species. The closely related GNRH1 and GNRHR1 genes are functional in human and other mammals and are generally functional in vertebrates. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2019]