2. Academic Validation
  3. Anatoxin-a: Overview on a harmful cyanobacterial neurotoxin from the environmental scale to the molecular target

Anatoxin-a: Overview on a harmful cyanobacterial neurotoxin from the environmental scale to the molecular target

  • Environ Res. 2021 Feb:193:110590. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110590.
Simon Colas 1,  Benjamin Marie 2,  Emilie Lance 2,  Catherine Quiblier 3,  Hélène Tricoire-Leignel 4,  César Mattei 5
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN "Molécules de Communication et Adaptations des Micro-organismes", Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; Mitochondrial and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, UBL/Angers University, Angers, France.
  • 2 UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN "Molécules de Communication et Adaptations des Micro-organismes", Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
  • 3 UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN "Molécules de Communication et Adaptations des Micro-organismes", Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; Université de Paris - Paris Diderot, 5 rue Thomas Mann, Paris, France.
  • 4 Mitochondrial and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, UBL/Angers University, Angers, France. Electronic address: helene.tricoire-leignel@univ-angers.fr.
  • 5 Mitochondrial and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, UBL/Angers University, Angers, France. Electronic address: cesar.mattei@univ-angers.fr.
PMID: 33307089 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110590
Abstract

Anatoxin-a (ATX-a) is a neurotoxic alkaloid, produced by several freshwater planktonic and benthic cyanobacteria (CB). Such CB have posed human and animal health issues for several years, as this toxin is able to cause neurologic symptoms in humans following food poisoning and death in wild and domestic Animals. Different episodes of animal intoxication have incriminated ATX-a worldwide, as confirmed by the presence of ATX-a-producing CB in the consumed water or biofilm, or the observation of neurotoxic symptoms, which match experimental toxicity in vivo. Regarding toxicity parameters, toxicokinetics knowledge is currently incomplete and needs to be improved. The toxin can passively cross biological membranes and act rapidly on nicotinic receptors, its main molecular target. In vivo and in vitro acute effects of ATX-a have been studied and make possible to draw its mode of action, highlighting its deleterious effects on the nervous systems and its effectors, namely muscles, heart and vessels, and the respiratory apparatus. However, very little is known about its putative chronic toxicity. This review updates available data on ATX-a, from the ecodynamic of the toxin to its physiological and molecular targets.

Keywords

Algal blooms; Anatoxin-a; Cyanobacteria; Nervous system; Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.

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