1. Academic Validation
  2. Postartesunate delayed hemolysis is a predictable event related to the lifesaving effect of artemisinins

Postartesunate delayed hemolysis is a predictable event related to the lifesaving effect of artemisinins

  • Blood. 2014 Jul 10;124(2):167-75. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-02-555953.
Stéphane Jauréguiberry 1 Papa A Ndour 2 Camille Roussel 2 Flavie Ader 3 Innocent Safeukui 4 Marie Nguyen 5 Sylvestre Biligui 2 Liliane Ciceron 2 Oussama Mouri 2 Eric Kendjo 6 François Bricaire 7 Muriel Vray 8 Adéla Angoulvant 9 Julien Mayaux 10 Kasturi Haldar 4 Dominique Mazier 11 Martin Danis 12 Eric Caumes 7 Marc Thellier 12 Pierre Buffet 13 French Artesunate Working Group
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Médecine Tropicale, Paris, France; Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses de Paris, U 1135 INSERM/Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme-site Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France;
  • 2 Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses de Paris, U 1135 INSERM/Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France;
  • 3 Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Parasitologie, Paris, France;
  • 4 Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN;
  • 5 Institut Pasteur, Plate-forme de Cytométrie, Imagopole, Paris, France;
  • 6 Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses de Paris, U 1135 INSERM/Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme-site Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France;
  • 7 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Médecine Tropicale, Paris, France;
  • 8 Institut Pasteur, Unité d'Épidémiologie des Maladies Émergentes, Paris, France;
  • 9 Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Service de Parasitologie, Paris, France;
  • 10 Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Paris, France; and.
  • 11 Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses de Paris, U 1135 INSERM/Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Parasitologie, Paris, France;
  • 12 Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses de Paris, U 1135 INSERM/Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme-site Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Parasitologie, Paris, France;
  • 13 Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses de Paris, U 1135 INSERM/Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6, Paris, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme-site Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Parasitologie, Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GRex.
Abstract

Patients with severe malaria treated with artesunate sometimes experience a delayed hemolytic episode. Artesunate (AS) induces pitting, a splenic process whereby dead parasites are expelled from their host erythrocytes. These once-infected erythrocytes then return to the circulation. We analyzed hematologic parameters in 123 travelers treated with AS for severe malaria. Among 60 nontransfused patients observed for more than 8 days, 13 (22%) had delayed hemolysis. The peak concentration of circulating once-infected erythrocytes was measured during the first week in 21 patients and was significantly higher in 9 patients with delayed hemolysis than in 12 with Other patterns of anemia (0.30 vs 0.07; P = .0001). The threshold of 180 million once-infected erythrocytes per liter discriminated patients with delayed hemolysis with 89% sensitivity and 83% specificity. Once-infected erythrocyte morphology analyzed by using ImageStream in 4 patients showed an 8.9% reduction in their projected area, an alteration likely contributing to their shorter lifespan. Delayed clearance of infected erythrocytes spared by pitting during AS treatment is an original mechanism of hemolytic anemia. Our findings consolidate a disease framework for posttreatment anemia in malaria in which delayed hemolysis is a new entity. The early concentration of once-infected erythrocytes is a solid candidate marker to predict post-AS delayed hemolysis.

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