2. Academic Validation
  3. RK-33 Radiosensitizes Prostate Cancer Cells by Blocking the RNA Helicase DDX3

RK-33 Radiosensitizes Prostate Cancer Cells by Blocking the RNA Helicase DDX3

  • Cancer Res. 2016 Nov 1;76(21):6340-6350. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-0440.
Min Xie 1,  Farhad Vesuna 1,  Saritha Tantravedi 1,  Guus M Bol 1 2,  Marise R Heerma van Voss 1 2,  Katriana Nugent 3,  Reem Malek 3,  Kathleen Gabrielson 4 5,  Paul J van Diest 2,  Phuoc T Tran 3,  Venu Raman 6 2 7
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
  • 2 Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
  • 3 Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
  • 4 Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
  • 5 Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
  • 6 Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. vraman2@jhmi.edu.
  • 7 Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
PMID: 27634756 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-0440
Abstract

Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, prostate Cancer is the most prevalent Cancer in males and the second highest cause of cancer-related mortality. We identified an RNA helicase gene, DDX3 (DDX3X), which is overexpressed in prostate cancers, and whose expression is directly correlated with high Gleason scores. Knockdown of DDX3 in the aggressive prostate Cancer cell lines DU145 and 22Rv1 resulted in significantly reduced clonogenicity. To target DDX3, we rationally designed a small molecule, RK-33, which docks into the ATP-binding domain of DDX3. Functional studies indicated that RK-33 preferentially bound to DDX3 and perturbed its activity. RK-33 treatment of prostate Cancer cell lines DU145, 22Rv1, and LNCaP (which have high DDX3 levels) decreased proliferation and induced a G1 phase cell-cycle arrest. Conversely, the low DDX3-expressing cell line, PC3, exhibited few changes following RK-33 treatment. Importantly, combination studies using RK-33 and radiation exhibited synergistic effects both in vitro and in a xenograft model of prostate Cancer demonstrating the role of RK-33 as a radiosensitizer. Taken together, these results indicate that blocking DDX3 by RK-33 in combination with radiation treatment is a viable option for treating locally advanced prostate Cancer. Cancer Res; 76(21); 6340-50. ©2016 AACR.

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