2. Academic Validation
  3. Nicotinamide Mononucleotide: Exploration of Diverse Therapeutic Applications of a Potential Molecule

Nicotinamide Mononucleotide: Exploration of Diverse Therapeutic Applications of a Potential Molecule

  • Biomolecules. 2019 Jan 21;9(1):34. doi: 10.3390/biom9010034.
Saikat Kumar Poddar 1,  Ali Ehsan Sifat 2,  Sanjana Haque 3,  Noor Ahmed Nahid 4,  Sabiha Chowdhury 5,  Imtias Mehedi 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. saikatpoddar@du.ac.bd.
  • 2 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. ali.ehsan.sifat@gmail.com.
  • 3 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. haquesanjana@gmail.com.
  • 4 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. noor.nahid@gmail.com.
  • 5 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. sabihanabila@gmail.com.
  • 6 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. imtiasmehedi@gmail.com.
PMID: 30669679 DOI: 10.3390/biom9010034
Abstract

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a nucleotide that is most recognized for its role as an intermediate of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis. Although the biosynthetic pathway of NMN varies between eukaryote and prokaryote, two pathways are mainly followed in case of eukaryotic human-one is through the salvage pathway using nicotinamide while the other follows phosphorylation of nicotinamide riboside. Due to the unavailability of a suitable transporter, NMN enters inside the mammalian cell in the form of nicotinamide riboside followed by its subsequent conversion to NMN and NAD+. This particular molecule has demonstrated several beneficial pharmacological activities in preclinical studies, which suggest its potential therapeutic use. Mostly mediated by its involvement in NAD+ biosynthesis, the pharmacological activities of NMN include its role in cellular biochemical functions, cardioprotection, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and complications associated with obesity. The recent groundbreaking discovery of anti-ageing activities of this chemical moiety has added a valuable essence in the research involving this molecule. This review focuses on the biosynthesis of NMN in mammalian and prokaryotic cells and mechanism of absorption along with the reported pharmacological activities in murine model.

Keywords

Alzheimer’s disease; ageing; diabetes; ischemic preconditioning; nicotinamide mononucleotide; obesity.

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