2. Academic Validation
  3. Carbonyl Reductase 1 Attenuates Ischemic Brain Injury by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation

Carbonyl Reductase 1 Attenuates Ischemic Brain Injury by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation

  • Transl Stroke Res. 2021 Oct;12(5):711-724. doi: 10.1007/s12975-021-00912-6.
Leilei Mao 1 2,  Kun Wang 3,  Pengjie Zhang 3,  Shihao Ren 3,  Jingyi Sun 4,  Mingfeng Yang 3,  Feng Zhang 5,  Baoliang Sun 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong; Brain Science Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China. llmao@sdfmu.edu.cn.
  • 2 Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. llmao@sdfmu.edu.cn.
  • 3 Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong; Brain Science Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China.
  • 4 Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
  • 5 Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
  • 6 Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong; Brain Science Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271000, Shandong, China. blsun88@163.com.
PMID: 33964000 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-021-00912-6
Abstract

Oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory response after the ischemic injury are important pathophysiologic mechanisms that cause brain tissue loss and neurological deficit. This study aims to observe the expression and role of carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1), an NADPH-dependent oxidoreductase with specificity for carbonyl compounds such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), in the brain after ischemic injury and to investigate the influence of CBR1 on ischemia-induced neuroinflammation. CBR1 expresses in the neurons, astrocyte, and microglia in the normal brain. The expression of CBR1 decreased in the ischemic regions following cerebral ischemia, and also reduced in primary neurons after OGD (oxygen-glucose deprivation); however, the expression of CBR1 significantly increased in microglia in the ischemic penumbra. Furthermore, TAT-CBR1 fusion protein played neuroprotective effects in reducing the infarct volume and improving neurological outcomes after ischemic injury. Mechanistically, CBR1 decreased the levels of 4-HNE in the brain after stroke; it also modulated microglial polarization toward the M2 phenotype, which was well-known to confer neuroprotection after ischemic injury. Our results demonstrate that CBR1 provides neuroprotection against ischemic injury by reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, making a promising agent for cerebral ischemia treatment.

Keywords

Carbonyl reductase 1; Cerebral ischemia; Microglia/macrophage; Neuroinflammation; Oxidative stress.

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