2. Academic Validation
  3. Inhalation of hydrogen gas protects against mitomycin-induced pulmonary veno-occlusive disease

Inhalation of hydrogen gas protects against mitomycin-induced pulmonary veno-occlusive disease

  • Respir Res. 2024 Jul 16;25(1):281. doi: 10.1186/s12931-024-02906-y.
Chenting Zhang # 1,  Yue Xing # 1,  Xuefen Wu # 1,  Qian Jiang 1,  Xiaoyun Luo 2,  Wei He 1,  Shiyun Liu 1,  Wenju Lu 3,  Jian Wang 4 5 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
  • 2 Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
  • 3 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China. wlu92@yahoo.com.
  • 4 State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China. jianwang@gzhmu.edu.cn.
  • 5 Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. jianwang@gzhmu.edu.cn.
  • 6 Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA. jianwang@gzhmu.edu.cn.
  • # Contributed equally.
PMID: 39014440 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02906-y
Abstract

Background: As a subtype of pulmonary hypertension (PH), pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is devastating and life-threatening disease without effective therapy. Hydrogen has been reported to exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model induced by monocrotaline of PH. In this study, we investigated the effects of inhaled hydrogen gas on the prevention and treatment of PVOD induced by mitomycin C (MMC) in rats.

Methods: PVOD was induced in female Sprague-Dawley rats through intraperitoneal injection of MMC at a concentration of 3 mg·kg- 1·wk- 1 for 2 weeks. Inhalation of hydrogen gas (H2) was administered through a designed rat cage concurrently or two weeks after MMC administration. The severity of PVOD was assessed by using hemodynamic measurements and histological analysis. The expression levels of general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) related proteins in lung tissue were measured. Levels of lipid peroxidation pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum were determined.

Results: Inhaled H2 improved hemodynamics and right heart function, reversed right ventricular hypertrophy, and prevented pulmonary vessel reconstitution in both prevention and treatment approaches. It decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the serum and the expression of NADPH Oxidase 1 (NOX-1) in lung tissue. It regulated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and anti-inflammatory factor GCN2 in lung tissue, accompanied by a decrease in macrophages and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our data suggested that H2 inhalation effectively countered EndoMT induced by MMC, as evidenced by the detection of endothelial markers (e.g., VE-cadherin and CD31) and mesenchymal markers (e.g., vimentin and fibronectin). Further research revealed that H2 preserved p-Smad3 and induced p-Smad1/5/9.

Conclusion: Inhalation of H2 effectively inhibits the pathogenesis of PVOD induced by MMC in rats. This inhibitory effect may be attributed to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of H2.

Keywords

Anti-inflammatory; Antioxidant; Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition; Hydrogen gas; Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease.

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