1. Academic Validation
  2. Berberine ameliorates vascular dysfunction by downregulating TMAO-endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway via gut microbiota in hypertension

Berberine ameliorates vascular dysfunction by downregulating TMAO-endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway via gut microbiota in hypertension

  • Microbiol Res. 2024 Oct:287:127824. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127824.
Zhichao Wang 1 Yijia Shao 2 Fang Wu 2 Dangu Luo 3 Guoyifan He 3 Jianwen Liang 4 Xiaoqing Quan 5 Xiehui Chen 5 Wenhao Xia 6 Ye Chen 7 Yue Liu 8 Long Chen 9
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 The International Medical Department, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China; Integrative Microecology Clinical Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Disease, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.
  • 2 Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
  • 3 The International Medical Department, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.
  • 4 Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
  • 5 Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
  • 6 Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
  • 7 Integrative Microecology Clinical Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Disease, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China. Electronic address: yechen_fimmu@163.com.
  • 8 National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. Electronic address: liuyueheart@hotmail.com.
  • 9 The International Medical Department, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China; Integrative Microecology Clinical Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Disease, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China. Electronic address: chenl_sz@smu.edu.cn.
Abstract

The gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is regarded as a novel risk factor for hypertension. Berberine (BBR) exerts cardiovascular protective effects by regulating the gut microbiota-metabolite production pathway. However, whether and how BBR alleviates TMAO-induced vascular dysfunction in hypertension remains unclear. In the present study, we observed that plasma TMAO and related Bacterial abundance were significantly elevated and negatively correlated with vascular function in 86 hypertensive patients compared with 46 normotensive controls. TMAO activated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) signaling pathway to promote endothelial cell dysfunction and Apoptosis in vitro. BBR (100, 200 mg · kg-1 ·d-1) for 4 weeks ameliorates TMAO-induced vascular dysfunction and ERS activation in a choline-angiotensin II hypertensive mouse model. We found that plasma TMAO levels in 15 hypertensive patients treated with BBR (0.4 g, tid) were reduced by 8.8 % and 16.7 % at months 1 and 3, respectively, compared with pretreatment baseline. The oral BBR treatment also improved vascular function and lowered blood pressure. Faecal 16 S rDNA showed that BBR altered the gut Bacterial composition and reduced the abundance of CutC/D bacteria in hypertensive mice and patients. In vitro Bacterial cultures and Enzyme reaction systems indicated that BBR inhibited the biosynthesis of TMAO precursor in the gut microbiota by binding to and inhibiting the activity of CutC/D Enzyme. Our results indicate that BBR improve vascular dysfunction at least partially by decreasing TMAO via regulation of the gut microbiota in hypertension.

Keywords

Berberine; Gut microbiota; Hypertension; Trimethylamine-N-oxide; Vascular dysfunction.

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