1. Academic Validation
  2. EGCG drives gut microbial remodeling-induced epithelial GPR43 activation to lessen Th1 polarization in colitis

EGCG drives gut microbial remodeling-induced epithelial GPR43 activation to lessen Th1 polarization in colitis

  • Redox Biol. 2024 Sep:75:103291. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103291.
Siyan Che 1 Beibei Qin 1 Kunfu Wu 1 Mingzhi Zhu 2 Han Hu 3 Can Peng 4 Zi Wang 5 Yulong Yin 6 Yaoyao Xia 7 Miaomiao Wu 8
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
  • 3 Institute of Apicultural Research/State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
  • 4 Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
  • 5 Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University; Molecular Biology Research Center, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China. Electronic address: 220144@csu.edu.cn.
  • 6 Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China; Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
  • 7 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China. Electronic address: yaoyaoxia20230750@swu.edu.cn.
  • 8 Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Products Quality Regulation of Livestock and Poultry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China. Electronic address: miaomiaowu0316@hunau.edu.cn.
Abstract

Modulation of immune microenvironment is critical for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) intervention. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), as a natural low toxicity product, has shown promise in treating IBD. However, whether and how EGCG regulates the intestinal microenvironment is not fully understood. Here we report that EGCG lessens colitis by orchestrating Th1 polarization and self-amplification in a novel manner that required multilevel-regulated intestinal microecosystem. Mechanistically, EGCG activates GPR43 on IEC to inhibit Th1 polarization dependently of short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing gut microbiota. Inhibition of GPR43 activity weakens the protective effects of EGCG on colitis development. Moreover, we confirm that fecal SCFAs and/or intestinal GPR43 are limited in patients with colitis and are correlated with Th1 cell number. Taken together, our study reveals an intestinal microenvironment-dependent immunoregulatory effects of EGCG in treating IBD and provides insight into mechanisms of EGCG-based novel immunotherapeutic strategies for IBD.

Keywords

EGCG; GPR43; Inflammatory bowel disease; Short chain fatty acids; Th1 cells.

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