2. Academic Validation
  3. Catalytically Active Ti-Based Nanomaterials for Hydroxyl Radical Mediated Clinical X-Ray Enhancement

Catalytically Active Ti-Based Nanomaterials for Hydroxyl Radical Mediated Clinical X-Ray Enhancement

  • Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Dec;11(47):e2406198. doi: 10.1002/advs.202406198.
Lukas R H Gerken 1 2,  Claire Beckers 3,  Beatrice A Brugger 2,  Vera M Kissling 2,  Alexander Gogos 1 2,  Shianlin Wee 4,  Maria R Lukatskaya 4,  Hans Schiefer 5,  Ludwig Plasswilm 5 6,  Martin Pruschy 3,  Inge K Herrmann 1 2 7 8
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Nanoparticle Systems Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Energy and Process Engineering (IEPE), Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering (D-MAVT), ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland.
  • 2 Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Department of Materials Meet Life, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen, 9014, Switzerland.
  • 3 Laboratory for Applied Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland.
  • 4 Electrochemical Energy Systems Laboratory, Institute of Energy and Process Engineering (IEPE), Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering (D-MAVT), ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland.
  • 5 Department of Radiation Oncology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen (KSSG), Rorschacherstrasse 95, St. Gallen, CH-9007, Switzerland.
  • 6 Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital University Hospital, Bern, 3010, Switzerland.
  • 7 The Ingenuity Lab, Balgrist University Hospital, Forchstrasse 340, Zurich, 8008, Switzerland.
  • 8 Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 71, Zurich, 8006, Switzerland.
PMID: 39501581 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202406198
Abstract

Nanoparticle radioenhancement offers a promising strategy for augmenting radiotherapy by locally increasing radiation damage to tumor tissue. While past research has predominantly focused on nanomaterials with high atomic numbers, such as Au and HfO2, recent work has revealed that their radioenhancement efficacy decreases considerably when using clinically relevant megavoltage X-rays as opposed to the orthovoltage X-rays typically employed in research settings. Here, radiocatalytically active Ti-based nanomaterials for clinical X-ray therapy settings are designed. A range of candidate Materials, including TiO2 (optionally decorated with Ag or Pt nanoseeds), Ti-containing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and 2D Ti-based carbides known as Ti3C2Tx MXenes, is investigated. It is demonstrated that these titanium-based candidates remain consistently performant across a wide energy spectrum, from orthovoltage to megavoltage. This sustained performance is attributed to the catalytic generation of Reactive Oxygen Species, moving beyond the simple physical dose enhancements associated with photoelectric effects. Beyond titania, emergent Materials like titanium-based MOFs and MXenes exhibit encouraging results, achieving dose-enhancement factors of up to three in human soft tissue sarcoma cells. Notably, these enhancements are absent in healthy human fibroblast cells under similar conditions of particle uptake, underscoring the selective impact of titanium-based Materials in augmenting radiotherapy across the clinically relevant spectral range.

Keywords

photocatalyst; radiosensitization; radiotherapy; reactive oxygen species; titanium.

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