酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）是一种广泛用于检测和定量蛋白、抗体、激素等生物分子的生化技术。该方法利用酶标记的抗体或抗原与待测物发生特异性结合，通过酶的催化反应产生可测定的信号。ELISA 具有高灵敏度、特异性和可高通量的特点，适用于医学诊断、生物医学研究和药物开发等领域。

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a biochemical technology widely used to detect and quantify proteins, antibodies, hormones and other biomolecules. This method uses enzyme-labeled antibodies or antigens to specifically bind to the test substance, and generates a measurable signal through an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. ELISA has the characteristics of high sensitivity, specificity and high-throughput, and is suitable for medical diagnosis, biomedical research and drug development and other fields.