选择模式动物是基础和应用生物学研究中的关键决策。模式动物通常包括小鼠、大鼠、果蝇、线虫、斑马鱼等。选择时需考虑生物学特性、基因组相似性、实验方便性和成本等因素。小鼠广泛用于遗传学和免疫学研究，大鼠用于生理学和药物测试，果蝇和线虫在发育生物学和神经科学领域应用较多，斑马鱼主要用于生物成像和发育研究。正确选择模式动物可提高实验可重复性和结果适用性。

Choosing a model animal is a critical decision in basic and applied biology research. Model animals usually include mice, rats, fruit flies, nematodes, zebrafish, etc. Factors such as biological characteristics, genomic similarity, experimental convenience, and cost need to be considered when selecting. Mice are widely used in genetics and immunology research, rats are used in physiology and drug testing, fruit flies and nematodes are widely used in developmental biology and neuroscience, and zebrafish are mainly used in biological imaging and developmental research. Proper selection of model animals can improve experimental reproducibility and result applicability.