Activin RIB/ALK-4 蛋白, Human (HEK293, His)

Activin RIB, also known as activin receptor type-1B (ACVR1B) or ALK-4, is a type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptor that is part of the TGF-β receptor superfamily. Activin binds to a type II activin receptor (ACVR2or ACVR2B) and then recruits ACVR1B^[1][2][3]. Activin RIB/ALK-4 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is produced in HEK293 cells with six C-Terminal His-tags. It consists of 103 amino acids (S24-E126).

ALK4 也称为激活素 A 受体 1b 型 (ACVR1B)，是一种跨膜丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶激活素 I 型受体，在哺乳动物心脏中高度表达。ALK4 是脊椎动物发育的重要调节因子，在中胚层诱导、原条形成、原肠胚形成、背前部模式形成和左右轴确定中发挥作用^[1][2]。
不同物种的ALK4（ACVR1B）蛋白的氨基酸序列非常稳定，由此得出的结论是，在进化过程中，ALK4仅发生了轻微的改变，无论在人类还是动物中，其功能类似。
激活素与 II 型激活素受体（Acvr2 或 Acvr2b）结合，然后招募 ACVR1B。ALK4（ACVR1B）与激活素II型受体形成激活素受体复合物，将激活素信号从细胞表面转导至细胞质，从而调节胚胎发生、组织稳态、伤口愈合、细胞外基质产生、免疫抑制和癌变等生理和病理过程。受体异二聚化激活 II 型受体激酶，使 I 型受体磷酸化，从而募集并磷酸化受调节的 Smad2 和 3。磷酸化的受调节 Smad 被释放，并与 Co-Smad、Smad4 形成异聚复合物。然后，受调节的 Smad 和 Co-Smad 复合物易位到细胞核，在那里调节许多基因的表达。在哺乳动物中，Acvr1b 由多种类型的上皮细胞表达，包括毛囊间表皮、毛囊的外根鞘 (ORS) 和内根鞘 (IRS)。激活素信号通过 Acvr1b 以旁分泌方式作用于皮肤上皮细胞^[1][2][3]。
ALK4 ( ACVR1B) 是脊椎动物发育的重要调节因子，在中胚层诱导、原条形成、原肠胚形成、背前模式和左右轴确定中发挥作用。ALK4 还调节生理和病理过程，包括胚胎发生、组织稳态、伤口愈合、细胞外基质产生、免疫抑制和癌发生。ALK4 在胰腺肿瘤发生中充当肿瘤抑制基因^[1][2][3][4]。

Recombinant ALK4 (25-500 ng) and recombinant PTP1B together at 30°C resultes in the apparent cleavage of PTP1B. PTP1B is cleaved after 30 min of Activin treatment, suggesting that Activin causes an interaction between ALK4 and PTP1B that leads to the cleavage of PTP1B by ALK4^[5].

Human

HEK293

C-6*His

P36896 (S24-E126)

91  [NCBI]

SGPRGVQALLCACTSCLQANYTCETDGACMVSIFNLDGMEHHVRTCIPKVELVPAGKPFYCLSSEDLRNTHCCYTDYCNRIDLRVPSGHLKEPEHPSMWGPVEHHHHHH

14-20 kDa

Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

无菌粉末.

Lyophilized after extensive dialysis against 20 mM PB, 150 mM NaCl, pH 7.4.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Dev Dyn, et al. Developmental analysis of activin-like kinase receptor-4 (ALK4) expression in Xenopus laevis. . 2005 Feb;232(2):393-8.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Qian Wang, et al. Activin Receptor-Like Kinase 4 Haplodeficiency Mitigates Arrhythmogenic Atrial Remodeling and Vulnerability to Atrial Fibrillation in Cardiac Pathological Hypertrophy. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 Aug 21;7(16):e008842.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Wanglong Qiu, et al. Conditional activin receptor type 1B (Acvr1b) knockout mice reveal hair loss abnormality. J Invest Dermatol. 2011 May;131(5):1067-76.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. G H Su, et al. ACVR1B (ALK4, activin receptor type 1B) gene mutations in pancreatic carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Mar 13;98(6):3254-7.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Kamil Matulka, et al. PTP1B is an effector of activin signaling and regulates neural specification of embryonic stem cells. Cell Stem Cell. 2013 Dec 5;13(6):706-19.  [Content Brief]