GSTA3 - glutathione S-transferase alpha 3 Gene

中文名称：谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶 α 3

种属: Homo sapiens

同用名: GTA3; GSTA3-3

关于 GSTA3

功能概要

胞质和膜结合形式的谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶由两个不同的超基因家族编码。这些酶参与细胞防御有毒、致癌和具有药理学活性的亲电子化合物。目前，已鉴定出八种不同类别的可溶性细胞质哺乳动物谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶：α、κ、μ、ω、pi、sigma、theta 和 zeta。该基因编码属于 α 类基因的谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶，该基因位于映射到 6 号染色体的簇中。α 类基因高度相关并编码具有谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的酶。然而，在进化过程中，这种 alpha 类基因在活性位点发生了不同的累积突变，导致了底物特异性和催化活性的差异。由该基因编码的酶在类固醇激素的生物合成过程中催化黄体酮和睾酮前体的双键异构化。已经确定了一个额外的转录本变体，但尚未确定其全长序列。[RefSeq 提供，2008 年 7 月]

Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of Glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. These Enzymes are involved in cellular defense against toxic, carcinogenic, and pharmacologically active electrophilic compounds. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-tranferase belonging to the alpha class genes that are located in a cluster mapped to chromosome 6. Genes of the alpha class are highly related and encode Enzymes with Glutathione Peroxidase activity. However, during evolution, this alpha class gene diverged accumulating mutations in the active site that resulted in differences in substrate specificity and catalytic activity. The Enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the double bond isomerization of precursors for progesterone and testosterone during the biosynthesis of steroid Hormones. An additional transcript variant has been identified, but its full length sequence has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]