Cytotoxic triterpenoid saponins from Lysimachia clethroides

Seven oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins, named clethroidosides A-G (1-7), an ursane-type triterpenoid saponin, clethroidoside H (8), and six known saponins were isolated from the aerial parts of Lysimachia clethroides. The structures of the saponins were elucidated on the basis of physical data analysis (1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESIMS) and chemical evidence. The cytotoxic activities of compounds 1-14 were evaluated against five human tumor cell lines (HT-29, HePG2, BGC-823, A549, and A375). Compounds 3, 4, 6, and 11-13 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity, with IC50 values of 0.75-2.62 μM, while compound 5 showed selective cytotoxic activity.