1. Academic Validation
  2. PPARγ partial agonist GQ-16 strongly represses a subset of genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

PPARγ partial agonist GQ-16 strongly represses a subset of genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

  • Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015 Aug 28;464(3):718-23. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.07.011.
Flora Aparecida Milton 1 Aleksandra Cvoro 2 Angelica A Amato 3 Douglas H Sieglaff 2 Carly S Filgueira 2 Anithachristy Sigamani Arumanayagam 2 Maria do Carmo Alves de Lima 4 Ivan Rocha Pitta 4 Francisco de Assis Rocha Neves 3 Paul Webb 5
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brazil; Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
  • 2 Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
  • 3 Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brazil.
  • 4 Laboratório de Planejamento e Síntese de Fármacos - LPSF, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil.
  • 5 Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: pwebb@HoustonMethodist.org.
Abstract

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists that improve Insulin resistance but trigger side effects such as weight gain, edema, congestive heart failure and bone loss. GQ-16 is a PPARγ partial agonist that improves glucose tolerance and Insulin sensitivity in mouse models of obesity and diabetes without inducing weight gain or edema. It is not clear whether GQ-16 acts as a partial agonist at all PPARγ target genes, or whether it displays gene-selective actions. To determine how GQ-16 influences PPARγ activity on a gene by gene basis, we compared effects of rosiglitazone (Rosi) and GQ-16 in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes using microarray and qRT-PCR. Rosi changed expression of 1156 genes in 3T3-L1, but GQ-16 only changed 89 genes. GQ-16 generally showed weak effects upon Rosi induced genes, consistent with partial agonist actions, but a subset of modestly Rosi induced and strongly repressed genes displayed disproportionately strong GQ-16 responses. PPARγ partial agonists MLR24 and SR1664 also exhibit disproportionately strong effects on transcriptional repression. We conclude that GQ-16 displays a continuum of weak partial agonist effects but efficiently represses some negatively regulated PPARγ responsive genes. Strong repressive effects could contribute to physiologic actions of GQ-16.

Keywords

3T3-L1; Gene expression; Partial agonist; Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ; Repression; Thiazolidinedione.

Figures
Products