2. Academic Validation
  3. Induction of defense in cereals by 4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid suppresses insect pest populations and increases crop yields in the field

Induction of defense in cereals by 4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid suppresses insect pest populations and increases crop yields in the field

  • Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Jun 2;117(22):12017-12028. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2003742117.
Wanwan Wang 1 2,  Pengyong Zhou 1,  Xiaochang Mo 1,  Lingfei Hu 3,  Nuo Jin 1,  Xia Chen 1 2,  Zhuoxian Yu 1,  Jinpeng Meng 2,  Matthias Erb 3,  Zhicai Shang 2,  Angharad M R Gatehouse 4,  Jun Wu 5,  Yonggen Lou 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China.
  • 2 Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China.
  • 3 Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013 Bern, Switzerland.
  • 4 School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU, Newcastle, United Kingdom A.M.R.Gatehouse@newcastle.ac.uk wujunwu@zju.edu.cn yglou@zju.edu.cn.
  • 5 Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; A.M.R.Gatehouse@newcastle.ac.uk wujunwu@zju.edu.cn yglou@zju.edu.cn.
  • 6 State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, China; A.M.R.Gatehouse@newcastle.ac.uk wujunwu@zju.edu.cn yglou@zju.edu.cn.
PMID: 32434917 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2003742117
Abstract

Synthetic chemical elicitors, so called plant strengtheners, can protect Plants from pests and pathogens. Most plant strengtheners act by modifying defense signaling pathways, and little is known about other mechanisms by which they may increase plant resistance. Moreover, whether plant strengtheners that enhance insect resistance actually enhance crop yields is often unclear. Here, we uncover how a mechanism by which 4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid (4-FPA) protects cereals from piercing-sucking insects and thereby increases rice yield in the field. Four-FPA does not stimulate hormonal signaling, but modulates the production of peroxidases, H2O2, and Flavonoids and directly triggers the formation of flavonoid Polymers. The increased deposition of phenolic Polymers in rice parenchyma cells of 4-FPA-treated Plants is associated with a decreased capacity of the white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera to reach the plant phloem. We demonstrate that application of 4-PFA in the field enhances rice yield by reducing the abundance of, and damage caused by, insect pests. We demonstrate that 4-FPA also increases the resistance of other major cereals such as wheat and barley to piercing-sucking insect pests. This study unravels a mode of action by which plant strengtheners can suppress herbivores and increase crop yield. We postulate that this represents a conserved defense mechanism of Plants against piercing-sucking insect pests, at least in cereals.

Keywords

4-fluorophenoxyacetic acid; chemical elicitor; induced plant defense; phenolic polymer; rice planthopper.

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