2. Academic Validation
  3. Biogenic Amine Levels Markedly Increase in the Aqueous Humor of Individuals with Controlled Type 2 Diabetes

Biogenic Amine Levels Markedly Increase in the Aqueous Humor of Individuals with Controlled Type 2 Diabetes

  • Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 22;23(21):12752. doi: 10.3390/ijms232112752.
Alejandro Lillo 1 2,  Silvia Marin 3 4 5,  Joan Serrano-Marín 6,  David Bernal-Casas 7,  Nicolas Binetti 6,  Gemma Navarro 1 2,  Marta Cascante 3 4 5,  Juan Sánchez-Navés 8,  Rafael Franco 1 6 9
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
  • 2 CiberNed, Network Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Spanish Health Institute Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
  • 3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
  • 4 Institute of Biomedicine of University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
  • 5 CIBEREHD, Network Center for Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, National Spanish Health Institute Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
  • 6 Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
  • 7 Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
  • 8 Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmedic and I.P.O, Institute of Ophthalmology, 07011 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
  • 9 School of Chemistry, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
PMID: 36361545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112752
Abstract

The composition of the aqueous humor of patients with type 2 diabetes is relevant to understanding the underlying causes of eye-related comorbidities. Information on the composition of aqueous humor in healthy subjects is limited due to the lack of adequate controls. To carry out a metabolomics study, 31 samples of aqueous humor from healthy subjects without ocular pathology, submitted to refractive surgery and seven samples from patients with type 2 diabetes without signs of ocular pathology related to diabetes were used. The level of 25 molecules was significantly (p < 0.001) altered in the aqueous humor of the patient group. The concentration of a single molecule, N-acetylornithine, makes it possible to discriminate between control and diabetes (sensitivity and specificity equal to 1). In addition, receptor operating characteristic curve and principal component analysis for the above-mentioned six molecules yielded significantly (p < 0.001) altered in the aqueous humor of the patient group. In addition, receptor operating characteristic curve and principal component analysis for six compounds yielded cut-off values and remarkable sensitivity, specificity, and segregation ability. The altered level of N-acetylornithine may be due to an increased amount of acetate in diabetes. It is of interest to further investigate whether this alteration is related to the pathogenesis of the disease. The increase in the amino form of pyruvate, alanine, in diabetes is also relevant because it could be a means of reducing the formation of lactate from pyruvate.

Keywords

NAT8; alanine; aqueous humor; biogenic amines; glutamine; mass spectrometry; metabolomics; ornithine; retinopathy; type 2 diabetes.

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