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  2. Pyrogallol intermediates elicit beta-amyloid secretion via radical formation and alterations in intracellular trafficking, distinct from pyrogallol-generated superoxide

Pyrogallol intermediates elicit beta-amyloid secretion via radical formation and alterations in intracellular trafficking, distinct from pyrogallol-generated superoxide

  • Redox Biol. 2024 May 24:73:103180. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103180.
Bong-Geum Jang 1 Boyoung Choi 1 Min-Ju Kim 2
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Institute of Epilepsy Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea.
  • 2 Institute of Epilepsy Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea. Electronic address: zolim@hallym.ac.kr.
Abstract

This study unveils a novel role of pyrogallol (PG), a recognized superoxide generator, in inducing beta-amyloid (Aβ) secretion in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) cellular model. Contrary to expectations, the analysis of dihydroethidium fluorescence and UV-VIS spectrum scanning reveals that Aβ secretion arises from PG reaction intermediates rather than superoxide or other by-products. Investigation into Aβ secretion mechanisms identifies dynasore-dependent endocytosis and BFA-dependent exocytosis as independent pathways, regulated by tiron, tempol, and superoxide dismutase. Cell-type specificity is observed, with 293sw cells showing both pathways, while H4sw cells and primary astrocytes from an AD animal model exclusively exhibit the Aβ exocytosis pathway. This exploration contributes to understanding PG's chemical reactions and provides insights into the interplay between environmental factors, free radicals, and AD, linking occupational PG exposure to AD risk as reported in the literature.

Keywords

Alzheimer's disease; Beta-amyloid; Free radical; Intracellular trafficking; Pyrogallol.

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