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  3. A condensates-to-VPS41-associated phagic vacuoles conversion pathway controls autophagy degradation in plants

A condensates-to-VPS41-associated phagic vacuoles conversion pathway controls autophagy degradation in plants

  • Dev Cell. 2024 Sep 9;59(17):2287-2301.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.07.010.
Dong Jiang 1,  Yilin He 1,  Hailin Li 1,  Liufeng Dai 2,  Bingyan Sun 1,  Lianming Yang 1,  Lei Pang 1,  Zhiran Cao 1,  Yu Liu 1,  Jiayang Gao 3,  Yi Zhang 2,  Liwen Jiang 4,  Ruixi Li 5
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Design, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Center for Biological Science and Technology, Zhuhai-Macao Biotechnology Joint Laboratory, Advanced Institute of Natural Science, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China.
  • 3 School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
  • 4 School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; Institute of Plant Molecular Biology and Agricultural Biotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China.
  • 5 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Design, Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China. Electronic address: lirx@sustech.edu.cn.
PMID: 39111309 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.07.010
Abstract

Autophagy is a universal degradation system in eukaryotic cells. In Plants, although autophagosome biogenesis has been extensively studied, the mechanism of how autophagosomes are transported to the vacuole for degradation remains largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that upon Autophagy induction, Arabidopsis homotypic fusion and protein sorting (HOPS) subunit VPS41 converts first from condensates to puncta, then to ring-like structures, termed VPS41-associated phagic vacuoles (VAPVs), which enclose autophagy-related gene (ATG)8s for vacuolar degradation. This process is initiated by ADP ribosylation factor (ARF)-like GTPases ARLA1s and occurs concurrently with Autophagy progression through coupling with the synaptic-soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein rmleceptor (SNARE) proteins. Unlike in Other eukaryotes, Autophagy degradation in Arabidopsis is largely independent of the RAB7 pathway. By contrast, dysfunction in the condensates-to-VAPVs conversion process impairs autophagosome structure and disrupts their vacuolar transport, leading to a significant reduction in autophagic flux and plant survival rate. Our findings suggest that the conversion pathway might be an integral part of the Autophagy program unique to Plants.

Keywords

ARLA1s; RAB7; SNARE; VPS41; autophagy degradation.

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