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  3. Untargeted metabolomic analysis reveals a potential role of saponins in the partial resistance of pea (Pisum sativum) against a root rot pathogen, Aphanomyces euteiches

Untargeted metabolomic analysis reveals a potential role of saponins in the partial resistance of pea (Pisum sativum) against a root rot pathogen, Aphanomyces euteiches

  • Phytopathology. 2024 Aug 26. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-04-24-0151-R.
Ravinder K Goyal 1,  Joseph P M Hui 2,  Jeffery Ranches 3,  Roumiana Stefanova 4,  Alysson Jones 5,  Arjun H Banskota 6,  Ian Burton 7,  Bianyun Yu 8,  Fabrice Berrue 9,  Albert Hannig 10,  Shawn Clark 11,  Syama Chatterton 12,  Sangeeta Dhaubhadel 13,  Junzeng Zhang 14
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, 6000 C & E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada, T4L 1W1; ravinder.goyal@agr.gc.ca.
  • 2 National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Joseph.Hui@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca.
  • 3 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada; jeff.ranches@agr.gc.ca.
  • 4 National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Roumiana.Stefanova@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca.
  • 5 National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Alysson.Jones@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca.
  • 6 National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Arjun.Banskota@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca.
  • 7 National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, Ottawa, Nova Scotia, Canada; Ian.Burton@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca.
  • 8 National Research Council Canada Halifax, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Bianyun.Yu@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca.
  • 9 National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Fabrice.Berrue@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca.
  • 10 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada; albert.hannig@agr.gc.ca.
  • 11 National Research Council Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Shawn.Clark@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca.
  • 12 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada; syama.chatterton@agr.gc.ca.
  • 13 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; sangeeta.dhaubhadel@agr.gc.ca.
  • 14 National Research Council Canada Halifax, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Junzeng.Zhang@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca.
PMID: 39186063 DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-04-24-0151-R
Abstract

In soil-borne diseases, the plant-pathogen interaction begins as soon as the seed germinates and develops into a seedling. Aphanomyces euteiches, an oomycete, stays dormant in soil and gets activated by sensing the host through chemical signals present in the root exudates. The composition of plant exudates may, thus, play an important role during the early phase of Infection. To better understand the role of root exudates in plant resistance, we investigated the interaction between partially resistant lines (PI660736 and PI557500) and susceptible pea cultivars (CDC Meadow and AAC Chrome) against Aphanomyces euteiches during the pre-invasion phase. The root exudates of two sets of cultivars clearly distinguished from each other in inducing oospore germination. PI557500 root exudate not only had diminished induction but also inhibited the oospore germination. The contrast between the root exudates of resistance and susceptible cultivars was reflected in their metabolic profiles. Data from fractionation and oospore germination inhibitory experiments identified a group of saponins that accumulated differentially in susceptible and resistant cultivars. We detected 56 saponins and quantified 44 of them in pea root and 30 from root exudate; the majority of them, especially Soyasaponin I and dehydrosoyasaponin I with potent in vitro inhibitory activities, were present in significantly higher amounts in both roots and root exudates of PI660736 and PI557500 as compared to Meadow and Chrome. Our results provide evidence for saponins as deterrents against Aphanomyces euteiches, which might have contributed to the resistance against root rot in the studied pea cultivars.

Keywords

Biochemistry and Cell Biology; Chemical Control; Disease Resistance; Host Parasite Interactions; Metabolomics; Oomycetes; Pathogen Recognition by Plants.

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