系统进化树是通过比较生物学序列（如 DNA、RNA 或蛋白序列）的相似性来构建的，用于揭示不同物种或基因的演化关系。它以分支结构表示不同物种或基因之间的亲缘关系和共同祖先。系统进化树的构建利用多序列比对和进化模型，可以帮助研究者理解生物体的演化历史、种群分化以及基因家族的起源和演变。这对于研究生物多样性、进化生物学和分类学有着重要的意义。

Phylogenetic trees are constructed by comparing the similarities of biological sequences (such as DNA, RNA or protein sequences) to reveal the evolutionary relationships of different species or genes. It represents the genetic relationship and common ancestor between different species or genes in a branching structure. The construction of phylogenetic trees uses multiple sequence alignments and evolutionary models to help researchers understand the evolutionary history of organisms, population differentiation, and the origin and evolution of gene families. This has important implications for studying biodiversity, evolutionary biology and taxonomy.