Apolipoprotein E/APOE3 蛋白, Human (HEK293, His)

Apolipoprotein E/ApoE3 is an apolipoprotein isoform that mediates lipid transport and plays a crucial role in lipid homeostasis in both plasma and the central nervous system by binding to LDL receptors (LDLR), LDL receptor-related proteins (LRP1, LRP2, LRP8), Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (VLDLR), and Heparin. The Apolipoprotein E/ApoE3 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is a recombinant protein with a His tag at the N-terminus, consisting of 299 amino acids (K19-H317), and is expressed in HEK293 cells^[1].

Apolipoprotein E/APOE3 是两亲性分子，既能与脂蛋白颗粒核心的脂质相互作用，也能与血浆的水环境相互作用^[3]。
Apolipoprotein E/APOE3 通过与 LDL receptor (LDLR), LDL receptor-related proteins (LRP1, LRP2, LRP8) 和 Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (VLDLR) 以及肝素 (Heparin) 结合，调控血浆和神经中枢脂质代谢^[9][10][12]。
Apolipoprotein E/APOE3 首先通过与 ABCA1 互作，促进 HDL (高密度脂蛋白) 合成，其次将 HDL 从外周组织运送到肝脏，从而清除其中的胆固醇，Apolipoprotein E/APOE3 对调节胆固醇稳态具有重要作用^[11]。
Apolipoprotein E/APOE 可以与免疫细胞受体 LILRB4 结合调控免疫反应^[13]。
Apolipoprotein E/APOE3 可激活 MAP3K12 和非典型 MAPK 信号转导通路，增强 AP-1 介导的 APP 转录^[14]。

Apolipoprotein E/ApoE3 (3 μM，24 小时) 在新生大鼠星形胶质细胞 (NRA) 中对 β-Amyloid (1-42) (HY-P1388) 诱导的炎症反应具有一定的保护作用^[5]。
Apolipoprotein E/ApoE3 (10 μg/mL，48 小时) 可增强小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞 (MEF) 神经元中 Aβ 合成^[7]。

Apolipoprotein E/ApoE3 (Human) 可在转基因 C57BL/6J 小鼠中 (用 hAPOE3 等位基因靶向替代小鼠 Apolipoprotein E 基因) 增强饮食诱导的高胆固醇血症和动脉粥样硬化^[6]。
Apolipoprotein E/ApoE3 (Human) 在 hApoE3 转基因小鼠的星形胶质细胞中通过产生高密度脂蛋白 (HDL) 样颗粒将胆固醇释放到胞外^[8]。

Measured in a cell proliferation assay using SH-SY5Y cells.The ED₅₀ for this effect is ≤15.14 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is ≥6.61×10⁴ units/mg.

• 
  Measured in a cell proliferation assay using SH-SY5Y cells.The ED₅₀ for this effect is 15.14 ng/mL.corresponding to a specific activity is 6.61×10⁴ units/mg.

Human

HEK293

C-6*His

P02649 (K19-H317)

348  [NCBI]

KVEQAVETEPEPELRQQTEWQSGQRWELALGRFWDYLRWVQTLSEQVQEELLSSQVTQELRALMDETMKELKAYKSELEEQLTPVAEETRARLSKELQAAQARLGADMEDVCGRLVQYRGEVQAMLGQSTEELRVRLASHLRKLRKRLLRDADDLQKRLAVYQAGAREGAERGLSAIRERLGPLVEQGRVRAATVGSLAGQPLQERAQAWGERLRARMEEMGSRTRDRLDEVKEQVAEVRAKLEEQAQQIRLQAEAFQARLKSWFEPLVEDMQRQWAGLVEKVQAAVGTSAAPVPSDNH

36-39 kDa

• 
  Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

无菌粉末

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20 mM Tris-HCl, 5% Trehalose,5% Mannitol, 0.02% Tween80, pH 8.0 or 20 mM PB, 150 mM NaCl, pH 7.4.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O.

Stored at -20°C for 2 years. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Gong JS, et al. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) isoform-dependent lipid release from astrocytes prepared from humanApoE3 and ApoE4 knock-in mice. J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 16;277(33):29919-26.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Gong JS, et al. Novel action of apolipoprotein E (ApoE): ApoE isoform specifically inhibits lipid-particle-mediated cholesterol release from neurons. Mol Neurodegener. 2007 May 15;2:9.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Hatters DM, et al. Apolipoprotein E structure: insights into function. Trends Biochem Sci. 2006 Aug;31(8):445-54.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Wetterau JR, et al. Human apolipoprotein E3 in aqueous solution. I. Evidence for two structural domains. J Biol Chem.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Dorey E, et al. Apolipoprotein E Isoforms Differentially Regulate Alzheimer's Disease and Amyloid-β-Induced Inflammatory Response in vivo and in vitro. J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;57(4):1265-1279.  [Content Brief]

  [6]. Sullivan PM, et al. Targeted replacement of the mouse apolipoprotein E gene with the common human APOE3 allele enhances diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. J Biol Chem.  [Content Brief]

  [7]. Huang Y W A, et al. ApoE2, ApoE3, and ApoE4 differentially stimulate APP transcription and Aβ secretion[J]. Cell, 2017, 168(3): 427-441. e21.  [Content Brief]

  [8]. Gong J S, et al. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) isoform-dependent lipid release from astrocytes prepared from human ApoE3 and ApoE4 knock-in mice[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2002, 277(33): 29919-29926.  [Content Brief]

  [9]. Sehayek E, et al. Mechanisms of inhibition by apolipoprotein C of apolipoprotein E-dependent cellular metabolism of human triglyceride-rich lipoproteins through the low density lipoprotein receptor pathway.  [Content Brief]

  [10]. Kowal RC, et al. Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein mediates uptake of cholesteryl esters derived from apoprotein E-enriched lipoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Aug;86(15):5810-4.  [Content Brief]

  [11]. Ji ZS, et al. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans participate in hepatic lipaseand apolipoprotein E-mediated binding and uptake of plasma lipoproteins, including high density lipoproteins. J Biol Chem.  [Content Brief]

  [12]. Fagan AM, et al. Apolipoprotein E-containing high density lipoprotein promotes neurite outgrowth and is a ligand for the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein. J Biol Chem. 1996 Nov 22;271(47):30121-5.  [Content Brief]

  [13]. Deng M, et al. LILRB4 signalling in leukaemia cells mediates T cell suppression and tumour infiltration. Nature. 2018 Oct;562(7728):605-609.  [Content Brief]

  [14]. Huang YA, et al. ApoE2, ApoE3, and ApoE4 Differentially Stimulate APP Transcription and Aβ Secretion. Cell. 2017 Jan 26;168(3):427-441.e21.  [Content Brief]