GRM4 - glutamate metabotropic receptor 4 Gene

中文名称：谷氨酸代谢型受体 4

种属: Homo sapiens

同用名: mGlu4; GPRC1D; MGLUR4

关于 GRM4

功能概要

L-谷氨酸是中枢神经系统中主要的兴奋性神经递质，可激活离子型和代谢型谷氨酸受体。谷氨酸能神经传递涉及正常大脑功能的大多数方面，并且在许多神经病理学状况下可能受到干扰。代谢型谷氨酸受体是 G 蛋白偶联受体家族，根据序列同源性、推定的信号转导机制和药理学特性将其分为 3 组。 I 组包括 GRM1 和 GRM5，这些受体已显示可激活磷脂酶 C。II 组包括 GRM2 和 GRM3，而 III 组包括 GRM4、GRM6、GRM7 和 GRM8。 II 组和 III 组受体与环 AMP 级联的抑制有关，但它们的激动剂选择性不同。已发现该基因编码不同亚型的几种转录变体。[RefSeq 提供，2012 年 2 月]

L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate Phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]