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  2. Discovery and pharmacological characterization of a novel series of highly selective inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 as anticancer agents

Discovery and pharmacological characterization of a novel series of highly selective inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 as anticancer agents

  • Br J Pharmacol. 2018 Jun;175(12):2399-2413. doi: 10.1111/bph.13974.
Solomon Tadesse 1 Laychiluh Bantie 1 Khamis Tomusange 1 Mingfeng Yu 1 Saiful Islam 1 Nataliya Bykovska 1 Benjamin Noll 1 Ge Zhu 1 Peng Li 1 Frankie Lam 1 Malika Kumarasiri 1 Robert Milne 1 Shudong Wang 1
Affiliations

Affiliation

  • 1 Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Abstract

Background and purpose: Cyclin D-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) are crucial regulators of the G1 to S phase transition of the cell cycle and are actively pursued as therapeutic targets in Cancer. We sought to discover a novel series of orally bioavailable and highly selective small molecule inhibitors of CDK4/6.

Experimental approach: The discovery of pharmacological inhibitors and optimization for potency, selectivity and drug properties were achieved by iterative chemical synthesis, biochemical screening against a panel of kinases, cell-based assays measuring cellular viability, cell cycle distribution, induction of Apoptosis and the level of retinoblastoma tumour suppressor protein (Rb) phosphorylation and E2 factor (E2F)-regulated gene expression and in vitro biopharmaceutical and in vivo pharmacokinetic profiling.

Key results: We discovered several lead compounds that displayed >1000-fold selectivity for CDK4/6 over other members of the CDK family. The lead compounds, 82, 91 and 95, potently inhibited the growth of Cancer cells by inducing G1 arrest with a concomitant reduction in the phosphorylation of Rb at S780 and in E2F-regulated gene expression. With a remarkable selectivity for CDK4 over 369 human protein kinases, 91 was identified as a highly potent and orally bioavailable drug candidate.

Conclusions and implications: We have identified unique and new inhibitors of CDK4/6 as potential drug candidates. Compound 91 represents an ideal candidate for further development as targeted Cancer therapy.

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