Potential immunomodulatory activities of a lectin from the mushroom Latiporus sulphureus

The lectin from Latiporus sulphureus (LSL) was purified by chromatography. Five components were obtained, of which LSL4 was the most effective one to promote cell growth, which increased cell viability to 2.6 times and 0.8 times of negative control and positive control group, so LSL4 with the highest immunomodulatory activity was selected for further identification. In addition, its immune effects on murine macrophages in vitro were evaluated. After LSL4 treatment, cell viability and phagocytic activity were greatly improved, and NO amount could reach about 24.795 ± 1.559 μmol·L^-1. The contents of TNF-α and IL-10 were 4.0 and 3.2 times higher than those of the negative control group, and the contents of IL-1β and IL-6 were 2.8 and 4.1 times higher than those of the negative control group, respectively. TAK242 significantly inhibited the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10, with inhibition rates of 53%, 61%, 48% and 54%, respectively. The results showed that 76.0 kD glycoprotein could promote cell proliferation and phagocytosis, and activate cells to release more nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase and cytokines. The lectin has potential immunopotentiation in functional foods and pharmacology.