2. Academic Validation
  3. Stearic acid promotes lipid synthesis through CD36/Fyn/FAK/mTORC1 axis in bovine mammary epithelial cells

Stearic acid promotes lipid synthesis through CD36/Fyn/FAK/mTORC1 axis in bovine mammary epithelial cells

  • Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Oct 12:127324. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127324.
Xiaoru Yang 1,  Xinyue Lu 1,  Liping Wang 1,  Linfeng Bai 1,  Ruiyuan Yao 2,  Zhibo Jia 1,  Yuze Ma 1,  Yuhao Chen 3,  Huifang Hao 1,  Xiaotong Wu 4,  Zhigang Wang 5,  Yanfeng Wang 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
  • 2 State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; School of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China.
  • 3 State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China; School of Life Sciences, Jining Normal University, Jining 012000, China.
  • 4 State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China. Electronic address: wxt67@126.com.
  • 5 State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China. Electronic address: lswzg@imu.edu.cn.
  • 6 State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China. Electronic address: wyf-imu@163.com.
PMID: 37838116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127324
Abstract

Stearic acid (C18:0, SA) is a saturated long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) that has a prominent function in lactating dairy cows. It is obtained primarily from the diet and is stored in the form of triacylglycerol (TAG) molecules. The transmembrane glycoprotein cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) is also known as fatty acid translocase, but whether SA promotes lipid synthesis through CD36 and FAK/mTORC1 signaling is unknown. In this study, we examined the function and mechanism of CD36-mediated SA-induced lipid synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). SA-enriched supplements enhanced lipid synthesis and the FAK/mTORC1 pathway in BMECs. SA-induced lipid synthesis, FAK/mTORC1 signaling, and the expression of lipogenic genes were impaired by anti-CD36 and the CD36-specific inhibitor SSO, whereas overexpression of CD36 effected the opposite results. Inhibition of FAK/mTORC1 by TAE226/rapamycin attenuated SA-induced TAG synthesis, inactivated FAK/mTORC1 signaling, and downregulated the lipogenic genes PPARG, CD36, ACSL1, SCD, GPAT4, LIPIN1, and DGAT1 at the mRNA and protein levels in BMECs. By coimmunoprecipitation and yeast two-hybrid screen, CD36 interacted directly with Fyn but not Lyn, and Fyn bound directly to FAK; FAK also interacted directly with TSC2. CD36 linked FAK through Fyn, and FAK coupled mTORC1 through TSC2 to form the CD36/Fyn/FAK/mTORC1 signaling axis. Thus, stearic acid promotes lipogenesis through CD36 and Fyn/FAK/mTORC1 signaling in BMECs. Our findings provide novel insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms by which LCFA supplements promote lipid synthesis in BMECs.

Keywords

Bovine mammary epithelial cells; CD36; FAK; Fyn; Stearic acid; mTORC1.

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