菌株培养是将微生物菌株以体外方式培养、增殖和保持的过程。这种技术常用于微生物学研究、工业发酵和生物制品生产。培养条件需考虑微生物的生理特性，包括温度、气体组成、营养成分等。通过定期传代和培养，可以维持菌株的稳定性和活力。菌株培养对于生命科学研究、食品工业、医学及环境科学等领域有着广泛的应用，为微生物学和相关领域的实验提供了基础。

Strain culture is the process of cultivating, propagating and maintaining microbial strains in vitro. This technique is commonly used in microbiological research, industrial fermentation, and biologics production. Culture conditions need to consider the physiological characteristics of microorganisms, including temperature, gas composition, nutrients, etc. The stability and vitality of strains can be maintained through regular passage and culture. Strain culture is widely used in life science research, food industry, medicine and environmental science and other fields, providing a basis for experiments in microbiology and related fields.