Glutathione Reductase (GR) (谷胱甘肽还原酶)

Glutathione reductase (GR) is a flavoenzyme whose main function is to catalyze the reduction of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) to reduced glutathione (GSH), playing a crucial role in the redox balance of cells. Glutathione reductase maintains the dynamic equilibrium between the two forms of glutathione within the cell, indirectly participates in antioxidant processes such as the elimination of reactive oxygen species in the cell, and protects cells from oxidative damage. In addition, it is also involved in the detoxification processes of organs such as the liver. Abnormal activity of glutathione reductase can lead to cellular redox imbalance and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, hemolytic anemia, liver diseases, etc^[1].