CXCL6  (CXC 趋化因子配体 6)

CXCL6（也称为粒细胞趋化蛋白-2，GCP-2）是 ELR+ CXC 趋化因子家族的成员，是中性粒细胞的趋化因子，通过趋化因子受体 CXCR1 和 CXCR2 启动趋化性^[1][2]。CXCL6 具有中性粒细胞活化和血管生成活性，对革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌具有抗菌作用^[3]。
CXCL6 是一种 ELR 阳性 CXC 趋化因子，长度为 77 个氨基酸。NH2-末端谷氨酸-亮氨酸-精氨酸 (ELR) 基序是 CXC 趋化因子与 G 蛋白偶联受体 CXCR1 和 CXCR2 相互作用的特征。ELR+ CXC 家族，包括 IL-8、生长调节癌基因（GRO-α、-β-γ）和 ENA-78。CXCL6 的结构与 ENA-78 同源性 >75%，但其独特之处在于它与 CXCR1 和 CXCR2 均具有高亲和力。GCP-2 与 IL-8 相似，通过与 CXCR-1 和 CXCR-2 结合来激活靶细胞。两种受体均由中性粒细胞表达，但不由其他血液来源的细胞（如淋巴细胞或单核细胞）表达。CXCL6 激活内皮细胞引起有丝分裂反应，导致血管生成。CXCL2 由气道、眼睛、胃肠道、乳腺、扁桃体、巨噬细胞和间充质细胞的上皮细胞表达，特别是在炎症期间。脂多糖（LPS）和促炎细胞因子 TNF-α 和 IL-1β 上调 CXCL6 的表达，而 γ 干扰素有下调作用^[1][2][3]。

CXCL6 (also known as granulocyte chemotactic protein-2, GCP-2), a member of the ELR+ CXC chemokine family, is a chemoattractant for neutrophilic granulocytes and initiates chemotaxis through the chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2^[1][2]. CXCL6 exerts neutrophil-activating and angiogenic activities, and has antibacterial action against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria^[3].
CXCL6 is an ELR-positive CXC chemokine with a length of 77 amino acids. The NH2-terminal glutamic acid-leucine-arginine (ELR) motif is characteristic of CXC chemokines interacting with the G-protein-coupled receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. The ELR+ CXC family which includes IL-8, the growth-regulated oncogenes (GRO-α,-β-γ), and ENA-78. The structure of CXCL6 is >75% homologous to ENA-78, but is unique in that it binds with high-affinity to both CXCR1 and CXCR2. GCP-2, similar to IL-8, activates target cells by binding to CXCR-1 and CXCR-2. Both receptors are expressed by neutrophil granulocytes, but not by other blood-derived cells, such as lymphocytes or monocytes. Activation of endothelial cells by CXCL6 causes a mitogenic response, resulting in angiogenesis. CXCL2 is expressed by epithelial cells of the airways, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, mammary glands, tonsils, macrophages, and mesenchymal cells, in particular during inflammation. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β up-regulate the expression of CXCL6, while gamma interferon has a down-regulating effect^[1][2][3].

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