1. Signaling Pathways
  2. PI3K/Akt/mTOR
    Stem Cell/Wnt
  3. GSK-3

GSK-3 (糖原合成酶激酶3)

Glycogen synthase kinase-3; Glycogen synthase kinase 3

糖原合酶激酶 3 (GSK-3) 是一种多功能丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶,由两种亚型组成,即 α 和 β。它是受体酪氨酸激酶、细胞因子和 Wnt 信号通路的高度保守负调节剂。这些通路的刺激会抑制 GSK-3 调节各种下游效应因子,包括转录因子、营养传感器、糖原合成、线粒体功能、昼夜节律和细胞命运。GSK-3 还调节响应 T 细胞受体激活的选择性剪接,最近的磷酸化蛋白质组学研究表明,多种剪接因子和 RNA 生物合成调节因子以 GSK-3 依赖的方式进行磷酸化。

GSK-3 的功能障碍或异常活动会导致多种疾病,如阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和其他神经退行性疾病,以及其他类型的疾病,如糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症。GSK-3 还与针对病原体的先天免疫反应有关,这使得 GSK-3 成为治疗干预的绝佳靶点。

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase consisting of two isoforms, alpha and beta. It is a highly conserved negative regulator of receptor tyrosine kinase, cytokine, and Wnt signaling pathways. Stimulation of these pathways inhibits GSK-3 to modulate diverse downstream effectors that include transcription factors, nutrient sensors, glycogen synthesis, mitochondrial function, circadian rhythm, and cell fate. GSK-3 also regulates alternative splicing in response to T-cell receptor activation, and recent phosphoproteomic studies have revealed that multiple splicing factors and regulators of RNA biosynthesis are phosphorylated in a GSK-3-dependent manner.

The malfunction or aberrant activity of GSK-3 leads to several of disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative pathologies, and other type of diseases as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders and cancer. GSK-3 is also related to innate immune response against pathogens, which makes GSK-3 an excellent target for therapeutic intervention.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-131447
    KY19382 Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    KY19382 是一种有效的和具有口服活性的 CXXC5-DVLGSK3β 的双重抑制剂,IC50 值分别为 19 和 10 nM。KY19382 通过对 CXXC5-DVL 相互作用和 GSK3β 活性的抑制作用激活 Wnt/β-catenin 信号传导。KY19382 可用于高脂饮食 (HFD) 诱发的代谢性疾病的研究。
    KY19382
  • HY-108359
    Alsterpaullone Inhibitor 99.85%
    Alsterpaullone (9-Nitropaullone) 是一种高效的 CDK 抑制剂,作用于 CDK1/cyclin BCDK2/cyclin ACDK2/cyclin ECDK5/p35IC50 值分别为 35 nM、15 nM、200 nM 和 40 nM。Alsterpaullone 是 ATP 竞争性的 GSK-3alpha/GSK-3beta 抑制剂,且作用的 IC50 值都为 4 nM。Alsterpaullone 具有抗肿瘤活性,有用于神经退行性和增生性疾病研究的潜力。Alsterpaullon 诱导白血病细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。
    Alsterpaullone
  • HY-129492
    GNF4877 Inhibitor 99.41%
    GNF4877是 DYRK1AGSK3β 的有效抑制剂,IC50 值分别为 6 nM 和 16 nM,可导致 NFATc 核输出受阻并增加 β 细胞增殖 (对小鼠 β (R7T1) 细胞的 EC50 值为 0.66 μM)。
    GNF4877
  • HY-124607B
    BRD3731 Inhibitor 98.21%
    BRD3731 是一种选择性的 GSK3β 抑制剂,抑制 GSK3β 和 GSK3α 的 IC50 值分别为 15 nM 和 215 nM。BRD3731 有潜力用于创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 精神障碍、糖尿病和神经退行性障碍的研究。
    BRD3731
  • HY-122026
    PF-04802367 Inhibitor 98.43%
    PF-04802367 (PF-367) 是一种高选择性 GSK-3 抑制剂,对 GSK-3β 酶的 IC50 为 2.1 nM。PF-04802367 具有理想的中枢神经系统 (CNS) 特性和效力。PF-04802367 抑制两种 GSK-3 亚型(GSK-3αGSK-3β)效果差不多, IC50 值分别为 10.0 和 9.0 nM。
    PF-04802367
  • HY-P4858
    C-Peptide 1 (rat) Activator 99.88%
    C-Peptide 1 (rat) 是一种肽,是 β-catenin/GSK-3β 激活剂。C-Peptide 1 (rat) 可调节 Wnt/β-catenin 信号通路。C-Peptide 1 (rat) 可用于癌症研究。
    C-Peptide 1 (rat)
  • HY-15356
    BIO-acetoxime Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    BIO-acetoxime (BIA) 是一种有效、选择性的 GSK-3 抑制剂,对 GSK-3α/β 的 IC50 值均为 10 nM;BIO-acetoxime 具有抗惊厥和抗感染作用。
    BIO-acetoxime
  • HY-107531
    A 1070722 Inhibitor 99.95%
    A 1070722 是一个高效、选择性的糖原合成酶激酶 3 (GSK-3) 抑制剂,对 GSK-3αGSK-3β 作用的 Ki 为 0.6 nM。A 1070722 能穿透血脑屏障并在脑区积聚,具有作为定量测定脑部 GSK-3 的 PET 放射性跟踪剂的潜力。
    A 1070722
  • HY-N8423
    α-Amyrin

    α-香树脂醇

    Activator 99.94%
    α-Amyrin 是一种具有口服活性的五环三萜类化合物。α-Amyrin 可激活 ERKGSK-3β 信号通路。α-Amyrin 可应用于高果糖饮食诱导的代谢综合征和低胆碱能神经传递所致的认知功能障碍的研究。
    α-Amyrin
  • HY-111379
    EHT 5372 Inhibitor 98.12%
    EHT 5372 是一种高效和选择性的 DYRK's 家族激酶抑制剂,对 DYRK1ADYRK1BDYRK2DYRK3,CLK1,CLK2,CLK4,GSK-3α,和 GSK-3βIC50 值分别为 0.22,0.28,10.8,93.2,22.8,88.8,59.0,7.44 和 221 nM。
    EHT 5372
  • HY-40294
    Indazole Inhibitor 99.72%
    吲哚唑,又称异吲哚唑 (isoindazole),是一种杂环芳香有机化合物。其衍生物表现出广泛的生物活性,包括抗炎、抗菌、抗艾滋病、抗心律失常、抗真菌和抗肿瘤的特性。吲哚唑及其衍生物可用于癌症、神经系统疾病、心血管疾病、胃肠道疾病的研究。
    Indazole
  • HY-139324
    Cu(II)GTSM Inhibitor
    Cu(II)GTSM 是一种细胞通透性铜复合物,可显著抑制 GSK3β。Cu(II)GTSM 抑制 Amyloid-β 寡聚体 (AβOs),降低 tau 磷酸化。Cu(II)GTSM 也降低了 Amyloid-β 三聚体的丰度。Cu(II)GTSM 可以被作为一种潜在的抗癌和抗菌剂。
    Cu(II)GTSM
  • HY-103647
    K00546 Inhibitor 98.08%
    K00546 是一种有效的 CDK1CDK2 抑制剂,对 CDK1/cyclin BCDK2/cyclin AIC50 分别为 0.6 nM 和 0.5 nM。K00546 也是一种有效的 CDC2 样激酶 1 (CLK1) 和 CLK3 抑制剂,IC50 分别为 8.9 nM 和 29.2 nM。
    K00546
  • HY-137472
    SAR502250 Inhibitor 99.63%
    SAR502250 是一种有效的,选择性的,ATP竞争性,具有口服活性和可透过血脑屏障的 GSK3 抑制剂,对人 GSK-3βIC50 值为 12 nM。SAR502250 显示出抗抑郁样活性。SAR502250 可用于研究阿尔茨海默症 (AD)。
    SAR502250
  • HY-134575
    C24:1-Ceramide ≥99.0%
    C24:1-神经酰胺是最丰富的天然存在的神经酰胺之一。神经酰胺调节许多不同的生物活动,例如细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)、细胞分化、平滑肌细胞增殖和线粒体呼吸链的抑制。
    C24:1-Ceramide
  • HY-103221
    MeBIO Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    MeBIO 是一种有效的 AhR 激动剂,其 IC50 分别为 44 μM (GSK-3) 和 55 μM (CDK1/cyclin b)。
    MeBIO
  • HY-13973A
    GSK-3 inhibitor 1 Inhibitor 99.89%
    GSK-3 inhibitor 1 (化合物 core 3) 是一种 GSK-3 抑制剂。GSK-3 inhibitor 1 能诱导干细胞/祖细胞自我更新 (如诱导干/祖细胞增殖,同时在子代细胞中维持分化成组织细胞的能力)。
    GSK-3 inhibitor 1
  • HY-108264
    TCS 21311 Inhibitor 99.18%
    TCS 21311 (NIBR3049) 是一种有效的高选择性 JAK3 抑制剂,其 IC50 为 8 nM,它的选择性是 JAK1JAK2TYK2 的100倍以上。TCS 21311 (NIBR3049) 抑制 PKCαPKCθGSK3βIC50 值分别为 13、68 和 3 nM。
    TCS 21311
  • HY-128879A
    VP3.15 dihydrobromide Inhibitor 98.01%
    VP3.15 dihydrobromide 是高效、口服生物可利用的, CNS 可渗透的 PDE7-GSK3 双重抑制剂,对 PDE7 和 GSK3 作用的 IC50 值分别为 1.59 μM 和 0.88 μM。VP3.15 dihydrobromide 具有神经保护和神经修复活性,可用于多发性硬化症 (MS) 潜在的抗炎和促髓鞘再生联合的研究。
    VP3.15 dihydrobromide
  • HY-15504A
    RGB-286638 free base Inhibitor 98.07%
    RGB-286638 是一种有效的 CDK 抑制剂,抑制 cyclin T1-CDK9cyclin B1-CDK1cyclin E-CDK2cyclin D1-CDK4cyclin E-CDK3p35-CDK5 活性,IC50 分别为 1,2,3,4,5 和 5 nM;同时可抑制 GSK-3β,TAK1,Jak2MEK1IC50 值分别为 3,5,50,和 54 nM。
    RGB-286638 free base
目录号 产品名 / 同用名 种属 表达系统
目录号 产品名 / 同用名 应用 反应物种

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase found in all eukaryotes. GSK-3 is one of the few signaling mediators that play central roles in a diverse range of signaling pathways, including those activated by Wnt, PI3K, growth factors, cytokines, and ligands for G protein-coupled receptors. The PI3K pathway is known for regulating metabolism, cell growth, and cell survival. The PI3K activity is stimulated by diverse oncogenes and growth factor receptors. PI3K-mediated production of PIP3 leads to the activation of Akt. The activation of Akt leads to the phosphorylation of GSK-3, which is active in resting cells, but is inactivated by the phosphorylation. The GSK-3 has been linked to the regulation of an assembly of transcription factors, including β-catenin, NF-κB, c-Jun, CREB, and STAT. Thus, the altered activity of GSK-3 causes various effects on cytokine expression. 

 

In the absence of Wnt signaling, β-catenin is phosphorylated by CK1 and GSK-3. This phosphorylation leads to recognition by β-TrCP, leading to the ubiquitylation of β-catenin and degradation by the proteasome. Upon binding of a lipid-modified Wnt protein to the receptor complex, a signaling cascade is initiated. LRP is phosphorylated by CK1/CK2 and GSK-3, and Axin is recruited to the plasma membrane. The kinases in the β-catenin destruction complex are inactivated and β-catenin translocates to the nucleus to form an active transcription factor complex with TCF, leading to transcription of a large set of target genes.

 

Some endogenous growth factors could bind to and activate the tyrosine kinase receptor. This facilitates the recruitment of other proteins (SHC, SOS), which results in the activation of the ERK-MAPK cascade and the inhibition of GSK-3. GSK-3 exerts many cellular effects: it regulates cytoskeletal proteins, and is important in determining cell survival/cell death. GSK-3 has also been identified as a target for the actions of lithium. GSK-3 can inhibit glycogen synthase, the enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of glucose from UDPG to glycogen[1][2].

 

Reference:

[1]. Brenner D, et al. Regulation of tumour necrosis factor signalling: live or let die.Nat Rev Immunol. 2015 Jun;15(6):362-74. 
[2]. Conrad M, et al. Regulated necrosis: disease relevance and therapeutic opportunities.Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2016 May;15(5):348-66. 

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