阿尔茨海默症建模是模拟阿尔茨海默症发病和发展的实验方法。主要包括小鼠和大鼠的转基因模型、细胞培养模型和人工合成模型。转基因模型通过操纵与阿尔茨海默症相关的基因，模拟患者的遗传突变。细胞培养模型使用细胞系模拟病理过程。人工合成模型则通过合成β淀粉样蛋白或Tau蛋白模拟阿尔茨海默症的特征。这些模型为阿尔茨海默症的发病机制研究和药物筛选提供了关键工具。

Alzheimer's disease modeling is an experimental approach to simulating the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. It mainly includes transgenic models, cell culture models and synthetic models of mice and rats. Transgenic models mimic the genetic mutations in patients by manipulating genes associated with Alzheimer's disease. Cell culture models use cell lines to simulate pathological processes. Synthetic models mimic the characteristics of Alzheimer's disease by synthesizing amyloid beta or tau proteins. These models provide critical tools for studying the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and for drug screening.