GSTA2 - glutathione S-transferase alpha 2 Gene

中文名称：谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶 α 2

种属: Homo sapiens

同用名: GST2; GTA2; GTH2; GSTA2-2

关于 GSTA2

功能概要

胞质和膜结合形式的谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶由两个不同的超基因家族编码。这些酶通过与谷胱甘肽结合，在亲电子化合物 (包括致癌物、治疗药物、环境毒素和氧化应激产物) 的解毒中发挥作用。已知编码这些酶的基因具有高度多态性。这些遗传变异可以改变个体对致癌物和毒素的易感性，并影响某些药物的毒性和功效。目前，已鉴定出八种不同类别的可溶性细胞质哺乳动物谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶：α、κ、μ、ω、pi、sigma、theta 和 zeta。该基因编码属于α类的谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶。位于映射到 6 号染色体的簇中的 alpha 类基因是肝脏中表达最丰富的谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶。除了在肝脏中代谢胆红素和某些抗癌药物外，这些酶的 α 类还具有谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性，从而保护细胞免受活性氧和过氧化产物的影响。[RefSeq 提供，2008 年 7 月]

Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of Glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. These Enzymes function in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. The genes encoding these Enzymes are known to be highly polymorphic. These genetic variations can change an individual's susceptibility to carcinogens and toxins as well as affect the toxicity and efficacy of some drugs. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-tranferase belonging to the alpha class. The alpha class genes, located in a cluster mapped to chromosome 6, are the most abundantly expressed glutathione S-transferases in liver. In addition to metabolizing bilirubin and certain anti-cancer drugs in the liver, the alpha class of these Enzymes exhibit Glutathione Peroxidase activity thereby protecting the cells from Reactive Oxygen Species and the products of peroxidation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]