OAZ3 - ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 3 Gene

中文名称：鸟氨酸脱羧酶抗酶 3

种属: Homo sapiens

同用名: AZ3; OAZ-t; TISP15

关于 OAZ3

功能概要

该基因编码的蛋白质属于鸟氨酸脱羧酶抗酶家族，通过调节细胞内多胺水平在细胞生长和增殖中发挥作用。抗酶的表达需要 +1 核糖体移码，高水平的多胺会增强这种移码。抗酶反过来结合并抑制鸟氨酸脱羧酶 (ODC) ，这是多胺生物合成中的关键酶；这样，就完成了自动调节电路。该基因编码抗酶 3，它是抗酶家族的第三个成员。与抗酶 1 和 2 一样，抗酶 3 抑制 ODC 活性和多胺摄取；但是，它不会刺激 ODC 降解。此外，虽然抗酶 1 和 2 具有广泛的组织分布，但抗酶 3 的表达仅限于睾丸中的单倍体生殖细胞，表明该抗酶在精子发生中具有独特的作用。抗酶 3 基因敲除研究表明，纯合突变雄性小鼠不能生育，并表明该抗酶可能在精子发生过程中在精子头尾之间形成刚性连接中发挥作用。已经为该基因发现了编码不同亚型的选择性剪接转录物变体，包括因使用非 AUG (CUG) 翻译起始密码子而产生的亚型。[RefSeq 提供，2014 年 12 月]

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the ornithine decarboxylase antizyme family, which plays a role in cell growth and proliferation by regulating intracellular polyamine levels. Expression of antizymes requires +1 ribosomal frameshifting, which is enhanced by high levels of polyamines. Antizymes in turn bind to and inhibit ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the key Enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis; thus, completing the auto-regulatory circuit. This gene encodes antizyme 3, the third member of the antizyme family. Like antizymes 1 and 2, antizyme 3 inhibits ODC activity and polyamine uptake; however, it does not stimulate ODC degradation. Also, while antizymes 1 and 2 have broad tissue distribution, expression of antizyme 3 is restricted to haploid germ cells in testis, suggesting a distinct role for this antizyme in spermiogenesis. Antizyme 3 gene knockout studies showed that homozygous mutant male mice were infertile, and indicated the likely role of this antizyme in the formation of a rigid connection between the sperm head and tail during spermatogenesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms, including one resulting from the use of non-AUG (CUG) translation initiation codon, have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2014]