MSRB1 - methionine sulfoxide reductase B1 Gene

中文名称：蛋氨酸亚砜还原酶 B1

种属: Homo sapiens

同用名: SELR; SELX; SepR; SEPX1; HSPC270; SELENOR; SELENOX

关于 MSRB1

功能概要

该基因编码的蛋白质属于甲硫氨酸-R-亚砜还原酶 B (MsrB) 家族。该家族的成员起到修复酶的作用，通过催化甲硫氨酸-R-亚砜还原为甲硫氨酸来保护蛋白质免受氧化应激。这种蛋白质在肝脏和肾脏中高度表达，并定位于细胞核和细胞质。它是 MsrB 家族中唯一的硒蛋白成员，在其活性位点含有硒代半胱氨酸 (Sec) 残基。与其他含有半胱氨酸代替 Sec 的成员相比，它还具有最高的甲硫氨酸-R-亚砜还原酶活性。 Sec 由 UGA 密码子编码，通常表示翻译终止。硒蛋白 mRNA 的 3' UTR 包含一个保守的茎环结构，称为 Sec 插入序列 (SECIS) 元件，这是将 UGA 识别为 Sec 密码子而不是终止信号所必需的。已在 19 号染色体上鉴定出该基因座的假基因。[RefSeq 提供，2017 年 8 月]

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase B (MsrB) family. Members of this family function as repair Enzymes that protect proteins from oxidative stress by catalyzing the reduction of methionine-R-sulfoxides to methionines. This protein is highly expressed in liver and kidney, and is localized to the nucleus and cytosol. It is the only member of the MsrB family that is a selenoprotein, containing a selenocysteine (Sec) residue at its active site. It also has the highest methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase activity compared to other members containing cysteine in place of Sec. Sec is encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, designated the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon, rather than as a stop signal. A pseudogene of this locus has been identified on chromosome 19. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]