2. Academic Validation
  3. The TLQP-21 peptide activates the G-protein-coupled receptor C3aR1 via a folding-upon-binding mechanism

The TLQP-21 peptide activates the G-protein-coupled receptor C3aR1 via a folding-upon-binding mechanism

  • Structure. 2014 Dec 2;22(12):1744-1753. doi: 10.1016/j.str.2014.10.001.
Cheryl Cero 1,  Vitaly V Vostrikov 2,  Raffaello Verardi 2,  Cinzia Severini 3,  Tata Gopinath 2,  Patrick D Braun 4,  Maria F Sassano 5,  Allison Gurney 1,  Bryan L Roth 5,  Lucy Vulchanova 6,  Roberta Possenti 7,  Gianluigi Veglia 8,  Alessandro Bartolomucci 9
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
  • 2 Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
  • 3 Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, 00143 Rome, Italy.
  • 4 Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
  • 5 Department of Pharmacology and National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
  • 6 Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
  • 7 Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, 00143 Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine of System, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
  • 8 Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Electronic address: vegli001@umn.edu.
  • 9 Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Electronic address: abartolo@umn.edu.
PMID: 25456411 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2014.10.001
Abstract

TLQP-21, a VGF-encoded peptide is emerging as a novel target for obesity-associated disorders. TLQP-21 is found in the sympathetic nerve terminals in the adipose tissue and targets the G-protein-coupled receptor complement-3a receptor1 (C3aR1). The mechanisms of TLQP-21-induced receptor activation remain unexplored. Here, we report that TLQP-21 is intrinsically disordered and undergoes a disorder-to-order transition, adopting an α-helical conformation upon targeting cells expressing the C3aR1. We determined that the hot spots for TLQP-21 are located at the C terminus, with mutations in the last four Amino acids progressively reducing the bioactivity and, a single site mutation (R21A) or C-terminal amidation abolishing its function completely. Additionally, the human TLQP-21 sequence carrying a S20A substitution activates the human C3aR1 receptor with lower potency compared to the rodent sequence. These studies reveal the mechanism of action of TLQP-21 and provide molecular templates for designing agonists and antagonists to modulate C3aR1 functions.

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