CX3CR1  (趋化因子受体 CX3CR1)

CX3C趋化因子家族 (δ-趋化因子) 在保守区上有两个 N 端半胱氨酸残基，由三个可变氨基酸分开。这个家族只包含一种配体，称为CX3CL1，也称为fractalkine或neurotacn，其独特之处在于具有粘蛋白样糖基化柄，允许其作为可溶性或膜结合趋化因子存在。CX3CL1的受体CX3CR1是一种 7次跨膜受体，介导 CX3CL1 的粘附和迁移功能。此外，CX3CR1 及 CX3CL1 参与了多种临床疾病的发病机制，如动脉粥样硬化、肾小球肾炎、同种异体心脏排斥反应、类风湿性关节炎等。

CX3C chemokine family (δ-chemokines) has the two N-terminal cysteine residues separated by three variable amino acids in the conserved position. This family contains only one ligand, called CX3CL1, also known as fractalkine or neurotactin, which is unique in possessing a mucin-like glycosylated stalk that allows it to exist as a soluble or membrane-bound chemokine. CX3CR1 is a 7-transmembrane receptor for CX3CL1 and mediates both its adhesive and migratory functions. In addition, it is shown that CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 are involved in the pathogenesis of various clinical disease states, such as atherosclerosis, glomerulonephritis, cardiac allograft rejection, and rheumatoid arthritis.