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  3. Light-induced tumor theranostics based on chemical-exfoliated borophene

Light-induced tumor theranostics based on chemical-exfoliated borophene

  • Light Sci Appl. 2022 Nov 11;11(1):324. doi: 10.1038/s41377-022-00980-9.
Zhongjian Xie # 1 2,  Yanhong Duo # 2 3,  Taojian Fan # 2,  Yao Zhu # 4,  Shuai Feng 5,  Chuanbo Li 5,  Honglian Guo 5,  Yanqi Ge 2,  Shakeel Ahmed 2,  Weichun Huang 6,  Huiling Liu 7,  Ling Qi 8,  Rui Guo 7,  Defa Li 9,  Paras N Prasad 10,  Han Zhang 11
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Institute of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
  • 2 Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and Optoelectronics; International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China.
  • 3 Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
  • 4 Shenzhen Medical Ultrasound Engineering Center, Department of Ultrasonography, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, First Clinical Medical College of Southern University of Science and Technology, 518020, Shenzhen, China.
  • 5 Optoelectronics Research Center, School of Science, Minzu University of China, 100081, Beijing, PR China.
  • 6 Nantong Key Lab of Intelligent and New Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, 226019, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
  • 7 Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Centre for Drug Carrier Development, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China.
  • 8 Department of Core Medical Laboratory, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guang Dong Province, China.
  • 9 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. dfl_szetyy@126.com.
  • 10 Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics and Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA. pnprasad@buffalo.edu.
  • 11 Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of phosphorene and Optoelectronics; International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China. hzhang@szu.edu.cn.
  • # Contributed equally.
PMID: 36369148 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00980-9
Abstract

Among 2D Materials (Xenes) which are at the forefront of research activities, borophene, is an exciting new entry due to its uniquely varied optical, electronic, and chemical properties in many polymorphic forms with widely varying band gaps including the lightest 2D metallic phase. In this paper, we used a simple selective chemical etching to prepare borophene with a strong near IR light-induced photothermal effect. The photothermal efficiency is similar to plasmonic Au nanoparticles, with the added benefit of borophene being degradable due to electron deficiency of boron. We introduce this selective chemical etching process to obtain ultrathin and large borophene nanosheets (thickness of ~4 nm and lateral size up to ~600 nm) from the precursor of AlB2. We also report first-time observation of a selective Acid etching behavior showing HCl etching of Al to form a residual B lattice, while HF selectively etches B to yield an Al lattice. We demonstrate that through surface modification with polydopamine (PDA), a biocompatible smart delivery nanoplatform of B@PDA can respond to a tumor environment, exhibiting an enhanced cellular uptake efficiency. We demonstrate that borophene can be more suitable for safe photothermal theranostic of thick tumor using deep penetrating near IR light compared to gold nanoparticles which are not degradable, thus posing long-term toxicity concerns. With about 40 kinds of borides, we hope that our work will open door to more discoveries of this top-down selective etching approach for generating borophene structures with rich unexplored thermal, electronic, and optical properties for many Other technological applications.

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