1. Signaling Pathways
  2. NF-κB
  3. NF-κB

NF-κB (核因子κB)

Nuclear factor-κB; Nuclear factor-kappaB

NF-κB(活化 B 细胞的核因子 κ 轻链增强子)是一种控制 DNA 转录的蛋白质复合物。NF-κB 存在于几乎所有动物细胞类型中,并参与细胞对压力、细胞因子、自由基、紫外线照射、氧化 LDL 以及细菌或病毒抗原等刺激的反应。NF-κB 在调节对感染的免疫反应中起着关键作用。NF-κB 的错误调节与癌症、炎症和自身免疫性疾病、感染性休克、病毒感染和免疫发育不当有关。NF-κB 还与突触可塑性和记忆过程有关。哺乳动物 NF-κB 家族中有五种蛋白质:NF-κB1、NF-κB2、RelA、RelB、c-Rel。

NF-κB (Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) is a protein complex that controls transcription of DNA. NF-κB is found in almost all animal cell types and is involved in cellular responses to stimuli such as stress, cytokines, free radicals, ultraviolet irradiation, oxidized LDL, and bacterial or viral antigens. NF-κB plays a key role in regulating the immune response to infection. Incorrect regulation of NF-κB has been linked to cancer, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases, septic shock, viral infection, and improper immune development. NF-κB has also been implicated in processes of synaptic plasticity and memory. There are five proteins in the mammalian NF-κB family: NF-κB1, NF-κB2, RelA, RelB, c-Rel.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N2350
    Cynaropicrin

    菜蓟苦素

    Inhibitor 99.79%
    Cynaropicrin 是一种倍半萜内酯,可以抑制肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF-α) 的释放,在鼠和人巨噬细胞的 IC50 值分别为 8.24 和 3.18 μM。 Cynaropicrin 也抑制软骨降解因子 (MMP13) 的增加并抑制 NF-κB 的信号传导。
    Cynaropicrin
  • HY-110177
    SP-100030 Inhibitor 99.86%
    SP-100030 是一种有效的 NF-κB 和激活蛋白-1 (AP-1) 双抑制剂 (IC50 分别为 50 和 50 nM)。SP-10003 抑制 Jurkat和其他T细胞系产生的 IL-2、IL-8 和 TNF-α 的产生。SP-100030 降低小鼠胶原性关节炎 (CIA)。
    SP-100030
  • HY-110261
    GS143 Inhibitor 99.09%
    GS143 是一种选择性的 IκBα 泛素化抑制剂,对于 SCFβTrCP1 介导的 IκBα 泛素化作用的 IC50 为 5.2 μM。GS143 抑制靶基因的 NF-κB 活化和转录,并且不抑制蛋白酶体的活性,并具有抗哮喘作用。
    GS143
  • HY-13755A
    (R)-Sulforaphane Inhibitor 99.48%
    (R)-Sulforaphane (L-Sulforaphane) 是一种具有口服活性的,高效的 Keap1/Nrf2/ARE 诱导剂,具有抗氧化和抗癌活性。(R)-Sulforaphane 主要作用机制是通过上调细胞的第二阶段解毒酶,清除体内的致癌物质并对抗氧化应激。(R)-Sulforaphane 能够调节基因表达,影响多种信号通路 (包括 Nrf2NF-κBAP-1 等)。(R)-Sulforaphane 可用于肿瘤生物学、抗氧化防御机制以及炎症和免疫反应。
    (R)-Sulforaphane
  • HY-N2609
    7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone

    7,4'-二羟基黄酮

    Inhibitor 99.68%
    7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) 是一种类黄酮,可从甘草 Glycyrrhiza uralensis 中分离得到。7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone 是 eotaxin/CCL11CBR1 抑制剂 (IC50=0.28 μM),抑制嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子产生。7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone 通过调节 NF-κBSTAT6HDAC2 抑制 MUC5A 基因表达和粘液产生。7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone 降低 (PMA) 刺激的 NCI-H292 细胞 MUC5AC 表达,IC50 值为 1.4 μM。
    7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone
  • HY-N6966
    Ethyl Caffeate

    咖啡酸乙酯

    Inhibitor 98.06%
    Ethyl Caffeate 是一种从 Bidens pilosa 分离的天然酚类化合物。Ethyl Caffeate 在体外或在小鼠皮肤中抑制 NF-κB 活化及其下游炎症介质,诱导型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS),环氧合酶 2 (COX-2) 和前列腺素 E2 (PGE2)。
    Ethyl Caffeate
  • HY-12220
    MM-102 Inhibitor 99.17%
    MM-102 (HMTase Inhibitor IX) 是一种具有细胞渗透性并紧密结合的 MLL1-WDR5 相互作用抑制剂 (IC50=2.4 nM)。MM-102 能特异性抑制含有 MLL1 融合蛋白的白血病细胞的生长和诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis),并减轻缺血再灌注损伤小鼠肾脏纤维化和炎症反应。此外,MM-102 也作为 H3K4 组蛋白甲基转移酶抑制剂来改善猪体细胞核移植 (SCNT) 胚胎发育。
    MM-102
  • HY-101364A
    CHPG sodium salt Activator 99.25%
    CHPG sodium salt 是一个选择性的 mGluR5 激动剂,并且通过 TSG-6/NF-κB 途径减弱 BV2 小神经胶质细胞 SO2 诱导的氧化应激和炎症。 CHPG sodium salt 通过 ERKAkt 途径在体外和体内预防创伤性脑损伤 (TBI)。
    CHPG sodium salt
  • HY-Y1316
    Sodium benzoate

    安息香酸钠,苯甲酸钠盐

    Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    Sodium benzoate 是一种口服活性的药用辅料,如抗菌剂、防腐剂、润滑剂等。药用辅料或药用助剂,是指制药过程中使用的除药物成分以外的其他化学物质。药用辅料一般是指药物制剂中的非活性成分,能提高药物制剂的稳定性、溶解性和加工性。药用辅料还会影响合并用药的吸收、分布、代谢和消除 (ADME) 过程。Sodium benzoate 能激活 NF-κB,诱导细胞凋亡 (Apoptosis)。Sodium benzoate 能诱导免疫抑制,产生生殖毒性。Sodium benzoate 可用于结肠癌和免疫疾病的研究。
    Sodium benzoate
  • HY-147562
    ALPK1-IN-2 Inhibitor 98.43%
    ALPK1-IN-2 (化合物 T001) 是一种有效的 ALPK1 (α- 激酶 1) 抑制剂,其 IC50 值为 95 nM。ALPK1-IN-2 还抑制 NF-κBIC50 值为 1.31 μM。
    ALPK1-IN-2
  • HY-N2119
    Sciadopitysin

    金松双黄酮

    Inhibitor 99.19%
    Sciadopitysin 是一种来自银杏叶片中的双黄酮类化合物。Sciadopitysin 通过抑制 NF-κB 活化并降低 c-FosNFATc1 的表达来抑制 RANKL 诱导的破骨细胞生成和骨丢失。
    Sciadopitysin
  • HY-N0222
    Avicularin

    扁蓄苷; 蓄苷

    Inhibitor 99.80%
    Avicularin 是一种具有口服活性的黄酮类化合物。Avicularin 抑制 NF-κB (p65) , COX-2PPAR-γ 的活性。Avicularin 具有抗炎、抗感染、抗过敏、抗氧化、保肝、抗肿瘤等作用。
    Avicularin
  • HY-B0130A
    Perindopril erbumine

    培哚普利叔丁胺

    99.98%
    Perindopril erbumine 是一种血管紧张素转换酶 (angiotensin-converting enzyme) 抑制剂,调节 NF-κBSTAT3 信号传导,抑制胶质细胞活化和神经炎症,可用于慢性肾脏病和高血压的研究。
    Perindopril erbumine
  • HY-108065A
    3'-Sialyllactose sodium Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    3'-Sialyllactose (3'-SL) sodium 是一种益生元,具有维持免疫稳态,发挥抗炎和抗关节炎的作用。3'-Sialyllactose sodium 是毒性等级最低的普通碳水化合物,可用于炎症的研究。
    3'-Sialyllactose sodium
  • HY-128423
    Tylvalosin tartrate

    酒石酸乙酰异戊酰泰乐菌素

    Inhibitor 98.77%
    Tylvalosin (Acetylisovaleryltylosin) tartrate 是一种具有口服活性的,广谱大环内酯抗生素 (antibiotic>),显示抗菌活性。Tylvalosin tartrate 是一种抗病毒试剂,可用于研究 PRRSV 感染。Tylvalosin tartrate 诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。Tylvalosin tartrate 还具有抗炎活性,缓解氧化应激,并通过抑制 NF-κB 激活来缓解急性肺损伤。
    Tylvalosin tartrate
  • HY-N0694
    Schisantherin A

    五味子酯甲

    Inhibitor 99.87%
    Schisantherin A 是一种木脂素。Schisantherin A 通过 IκBα 降解来抑制 p65-NF-κB 易位进入细胞核。
    Schisantherin A
  • HY-N0602
    Ginsenoside Rg2

    人参皂苷 Rg2

    Inhibitor 98.11%
    Ginsenoside Rg2 是人参的主要活性成分之一。Ginsenoside Rg2抑制脂多糖介导的 VCAM-1ICAM-1 表达的增加。 Ginsenoside Rg2 还降低 1-42 积聚。
    Ginsenoside Rg2
  • HY-N0766
    Isorhynchophylline

    异钩藤碱

    Inhibitor 99.82%
    Isorhynchophylline 是从钩藤中分离得到的生物碱类化合物。Isorhynchophylline 具有抗癌、抗高血压、抗炎、神经保护功效。Isorhynchophylline 可应用于心血管疾病、神经系统疾病、癌症研究。
    Isorhynchophylline
  • HY-N2534
    Karanjin

    水黄皮素

    Inhibitor 99.75%
    Karanjin 是一种具有口服活性的呋喃类黄酮,可从几种豆科植物中分离得到。Karanjin 具有明显的抗糖尿病、抗癌、抗炎、抗氧化、抗结肠炎、抗溃疡、抗阿尔茨海默病特性和多种驱虫/杀虫、杀螨特性,具有应用于相关研究的潜力。
    Karanjin
  • HY-133987
    AP-1/NF-κB activation inhibitor 1 Inhibitor 99.03%
    AP-1/NF-κB activation inhibitor 1 是一种有效的 AP-1 NF-κB 介导的转录激活抑制剂(IC50=1 μM),不阻断 β-actin 启动子驱动的基础转录。AP-1/NF-κB activation inhibitor 1 对受刺激细胞产生IL-2和IL-8水平有相似的抑制作用。
    AP-1/NF-κB activation inhibitor 1
目录号 产品名 / 同用名 应用 反应物种

NF-κB transcription factors are critical regulators of immunity, stress responses, apoptosis and differentiation. In mammals, there are five members of the transcription factor NF-κB family: RELA (p65), RELB and c-REL, and the precursor proteins NF-κB1 (p105) and NF-κB2 (p100), which are processed into p50 and p52, respectively. NF-κB transcription factors bind as dimers to κB sites in promoters and enhancers of a variety of genes and induce or repress transcription. NF-κB activation occurs via two major signaling pathways: the canonical and the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways[1]

 

The canonical NF-κB pathway is triggered by signals from a large variety of immune receptors, such as TNFR, TLR, and IL-1R, which activate TAK1. TAK1 then activates IκB kinase (IKK) complex, composed of catalytic (IKKα and IKKβ) and regulatory (NEMO) subunits, via phosphorylation of IKKβ. Upon stimulation, the IKK complex, largely through IKKβ, phosphorylates members of the inhibitor of κB (IκB) family, such as IκBα and the IκB-like molecule p105, which sequester NF-κB members in the cytoplasm. IκBα associates with dimers of p50 and members of the REL family (RELA or c-REL), whereas p105 associates with p50 or REL (RELA or c-REL). Upon phosphorylation by IKK, IκBα and p105 are degradated in the proteasome, resulting in the nuclear translocation of canonical NF-κB family members, which bind to specific DNA elements, in the form of various dimeric complexes, including RELA-p50, c-REL-p50, and p50-p50. Atypical, IKK-independent pathways of NF-κB induction also provide mechanisms to integrate parallel signaling pathways to increase NF-κB activity, such as hypoxia, UV and genotoxic stress.

 

The non-canonical NF-κB pathway is induced by certain TNF superfamily members, such as CD40L, BAFF and lymphotoxin-β (LT-β), which stimulates the recruitment of TRAF2, TRAF3, cIAP1/2 to the receptor complex. Activated cIAP mediates K48 ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of TRAF3, resulting in stabilization and accumulation of the NFκB-inducing kinase (NIK). NIK phosphorylates and activates IKKα, which in turn phosphorylates p100, triggering p100 processing, and leading to the generation of p52 and the nuclear translocation of p52 and RELB[2][3].

 

Reference:

[1]. Oeckinghaus A, et al. The NF-kappaB family of transcription factors and its regulation.Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Oct;1(4):a000034. 
[2]. Taniguchi K, et al. NF-κB, inflammation, immunity and cancer: coming of age. Nat Rev Immunol. 2018 May;18(5):309-324.
[3]. Perkins ND,et al. Integrating cell-signalling pathways with NF-kappaB and IKK function. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Jan;8(1):49-62.

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