CCL15  (趋化因子 CCL15)

CCL15 又称巨噬细胞抑制蛋白 5 (MIP-5)、白细胞趋化因子 1 (Lkn-1) 和人 CC 趋化因子 2 (HCC-2)，属于 CC 趋化因子家族的小细胞因子，位于人类 17 号染色体上的趋化因子簇， 其基因序列类似于 CC 基序趋化因子配体 5 (CCL5) 和 CC 基序趋化因子配体 3 (CCL3)。CCL15 可以在肝脏、小肠、结肠以及肺的某些白细胞和巨噬细胞中表达^[1]。CCL15作为中性粒细胞、单核细胞和淋巴细胞的化学引诱剂，可以与趋化因子受体 CCR1、CCR3结合，其中 CCR3 是人类嗜酸性粒细胞的主要受体，在单核细胞、淋巴细胞和嗜中性粒细胞的迁移中起重要作用。与此同时，CCL15 在调节造血细胞和宿主防御中起着效应分子的作用。重组人 CCL15 也是滤泡性甲状腺癌 (FTC) 中最丰富的趋化因子。据报道，CCL15 在 III 期结节病患者的支气管肺泡灌洗液 (BALF) 和严重持续性哮喘患者的外周血中升高，可通过以自分泌方式靶向其受体（尤其是 CCR1）而导致该病症的严重性和持续性^[1][2]。

CCL15, also known as macrophage inhibitory protein 5 (MIP-5), leukocyte chemokine 1 (Lkn-1) and human CC chemokine 2 (HCC-2), is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family, a cluster of chemokines located on human chromosome 17 with a gene sequence similar to CC motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) and CC motif chemokine ligand 3 ( CCL3). CCL15 can be expressed in certain leukocytes and macrophages in the liver, small intestine, colon, and lung^[1]. CCL15 acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes and can bind to chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR3, of which CCR3 is the major receptor for human eosinophils and plays an important role in the migration of monocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Meanwhile, CCL15 plays an effector molecule role in the regulation of hematopoietic cells and host defense. Recombinant human CCL15 is also the most abundant chemokine in follicular thyroid cancer (FTC). CCL15 has been reported to be elevated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients with stage III nodular disease and in peripheral blood from patients with severe persistent asthma, contributing to the severity and persistence of the disease by targeting its receptors (especially CCR1) in an autocrine manner^[1][2].

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