HAS2 - hyaluronan synthase 2 Gene

中文名称：透明质酸合酶 2

种属: Homo sapiens

关于 HAS2

功能概要

透明质酸或透明质酸 (HA) 是由从细菌到哺乳动物的多种生物体合成的高分子量无支链多糖，并且是细胞外基质的组成部分。它由交替的葡萄糖醛酸和 N-乙酰葡糖胺残基组成，它们通过 β-1-3 和 β-1-4 糖苷键连接。 HA 由质膜内表面的膜结合合酶合成，链通过孔状结构挤出到细胞外空间。它具有多种功能，包括空间填充、关节润滑和提供细胞可以迁移的基质。 HA 在伤口愈合和组织修复过程中积极产生，为血管和成纤维细胞向内生长提供框架。 HA 血清浓度的变化与炎症和退行性关节病如类风湿性关节炎有关。此外，HA 与白细胞受体 CD44 的相互作用在白细胞的组织特异性归巢中很重要，并且 HA 受体的过度表达与肿瘤转移相关。 HAS2 是新发现的编码假定乙酰透明质酸合酶的脊椎动物基因家族的成员，其氨基酸序列与非洲爪蟾的糖胺聚糖合成酶 (DG42) 以及人和鼠透明质酸合酶 1 具有显着同源性。[RefSeq 提供，2008 年 7 月]

Hyaluronan or hyaluronic acid (HA) is a high molecular weight unbranched polysaccharide synthesized by a wide variety of organisms from bacteria to mammals, and is a constituent of the extracellular matrix. It consists of alternating glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine residues that are linked by beta-1-3 and beta-1-4 glycosidic bonds. HA is synthesized by membrane-bound synthase at the inner surface of the plasma membrane, and the chains are extruded through pore-like structures into the extracellular space. It serves a variety of functions, including space filling, lubrication of joints, and provision of a matrix through which cells can migrate. HA is actively produced during wound healing and tissue repair to provide a framework for ingrowth of blood vessels and fibroblasts. Changes in the serum concentration of HA are associated with inflammatory and degenerative arthropathies such as rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, the interaction of HA with the leukocyte receptor CD44 is important in tissue-specific homing by leukocytes, and overexpression of HA receptors has been correlated with tumor metastasis. HAS2 is a member of the newly identified vertebrate gene family encoding putative hyaluronan synthases, and its amino acid sequence shows significant homology to glycosaminoglycan synthetase (DG42) from Xenopus laevis, and human and murine hyaluronan synthase 1. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]